shadow cabinet

...In the modern party cabinet system, the leader of the party that holds the majority of seats in the House of Representatives or the House of Commons becomes the prime minister. In cases where there is no majority party, a coalition cabinet is formed with ministers from two or more parties based on a policy agreement, or a non-cabinet cabinet is formed in which no ministers are present and the opposition party cooperates with the cabinet based on a policy agreement. In the UK, where the two-party system continued for a long time, it is customary for the opposition party to indicate the actual composition of the cabinet in preparation for parliamentary debates and a change of government, and this is called a "shadow cabinet." As members of the cabinet, ministers have an equal say in national affairs under the prime minister, but the political strength of each minister and the importance of the ministry in charge create a de facto hierarchy among ministers. ...

*Some of the terminology that refers to "shadow cabinet" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…衆議院や下院の議席の過半数を占める政党の党首が首相となるのが現代政党内閣制の通則であり，過半数政党のない場合等には，政策協定を基礎に2党以上から閣僚が出て連立内閣が形成されるか，閣僚は出さずに政策協定等を基に内閣に協力する閣外協力が行われる。二大政党制が長く続いたイギリスでは，議会討論や政権交替に備え，野党も実質上の閣僚構成を示す慣行があり，〈影の内閣shadow cabinet〉と呼ばれる。閣議構成員としての閣僚は首相の下で国政全般について平等な発言権を持つが，閣僚個人の政治力量や所管省庁の重要性が閣僚間に事実上の序列を生む。…

※「shadow cabinet」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報