…They exploited the natives of the provinces and made huge profits, and together with other businessmen, formed a powerful social class called the Equites. To raise huge amounts of capital, the contractors also formed associations (societas publicanorum) with structures similar to modern corporations. However, the harm caused by their exploitation was great, so Caesar restricted the contractors' activities, and in the Imperial period, the collection of land taxes and poll taxes was left to regular officials such as city authorities. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "societas publicanorum" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…彼らは属州の原住民を搾取して大きな利得を手に入れ,他の分野の実業家たちとともに,騎士身分(エクイテス)と呼ばれる有力な社会層を形成した。また,巨額の資本を調達するために,請負人たちは,現在の株式会社に似た組織をもつ団体(ソキエタス・プブリカノルムsocietas publicanorum)をつくった。しかし彼らの搾取による弊害は大きく,カエサルは請負人の活動に制限を加え,帝政期に入ると,地租および人頭税の徴収は都市当局などの正規の役人が行うこととなった。… ※「societas publicanorum」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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