Wadi - Waji (English spelling)

Japanese: ワジ - わじ(英語表記)wadi
Wadi - Waji (English spelling)

The name means river valley in Arabic, but it is a river without surface water. In arid regions, water flows only temporarily during rainfall, sometimes as a torrent that flows down and forms a river valley. In tropical deserts, where precipitation is usually low and evaporation is 20 times that amount, the surface water either evaporates or seeps underground and becomes a river without water. The riverbed of a wadi is covered with gravel and is relatively flat, and the groundwater is shallower than in other places, and springs up in places to form oases. For this reason, settlements are located there and they are used as transportation routes for caravans. Even if a wadi temporarily produces a water flow, it soon dries up and only a wide riverbed remains. In North Africa and Arabia, it is called a wadi, in South Africa it is called a danga, in India it is called a nullah, and in America it is called an arroyo.

[Shigemi Takayama]

[Reference] | Oasis | Minamigawa

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アラビア語で河谷の意味であるが、普段は表流水をみない水無川(みずなしがわ)である。乾燥地域では、降雨時にのみ一時的に水流が発生し、ときには奔流となって流下し、河谷を形成する。普段は降水量が少なく、蒸発量がその20倍にも達する熱帯砂漠などでは、表流水は蒸発するか、地下に浸透して水無川となる。ワジの河床は砂礫(されき)に覆われて比較的平坦(へいたん)であるとともに、地下水がほかの所より浅く、所々に湧(わ)き出てオアシスとなる。このため集落が立地したり、隊商の交通路として利用される。ワジは一時的に水流を生じてもすぐに涸(か)れて広い河床だけが残る。北アフリカ、アラビアではワジ、南アフリカではダンガdanga、インドではヌラnullah、アメリカではアロヨarroyoとよぶ。

[髙山茂美]

[参照項目] | オアシス | 水無川

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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