…In the United States, B. Franklin established the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia in 1743 during the colonial period, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences was established in Boston 1780 after the founding of the country. During the French Revolution, the National Convention abolished the national academies in 1793 under the pretext of "democratization," but two years later the Institut de France was established with five academies, and the academies were effectively revived. From the 19th to the 20th century, the form of academies controlled by the state spread widely outside of Europe. … From the Academy Dictionary…The Academie Française, the Institut de France, which is the oldest institution in charge of national language and literature, has edited and published a national language dictionary (French dictionary) as one of its main tasks. The first edition was completed 60 years after the founding of the Academie and was presented to King Louis XIV in 1694. Since then, it has been revised many times throughout the 18th and 19th centuries (1718, 1740, 1762, 1798, 1835, 1878), the last being the 8th edition published in 1932-35, and the 9th edition is currently in preparation. … From the Academie FrançaiseThe Institut de France is the oldest of the five academies. Around 1633, when the French Prime Minister Richelieu discovered a literary club-like gathering at the home of the poet Valentin Conrart (1603-1675), he established it as an official institution and tried to incorporate it into his cultural policy of unifying and purifying the French language. *Some of the terms mentioned in relation to "Institut de France" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…アメリカ合衆国では,植民地時代の1743年にすでにB.フランクリンがフィラデルフィアにアメリカ哲学協会American Philosophical Societyを設立し,建国後の80年にはボストンでアメリカ学芸アカデミーAmerican Academy of Arts and Sciencesが発足した。 フランス大革命に際して国民公会は〈民主化〉のたてまえから,1793年に国内のアカデミーを廃止したが,2年後にフランス学士院Institut de Franceが五つのアカデミーを擁して発足,アカデミーは事実上の復活を見た。19世紀から20世紀にかけて,国家が管理するアカデミーという形態はヨーロッパ圏外にも広く波及する。… 【アカデミー辞典】より…フランス学士院Institut de Franceにおいて国語国文学の分野を担当し最古の歴史をもつアカデミー・フランセーズが,その主要な任務のひとつとして編集・発行してきた国語辞典(フランス語辞典)。初版はアカデミー発足以後60年の歳月を費やして完成し,1694年,国王ルイ14世に献じられているが,以後18~19世紀を通じてたびたび改版され(1718,1740,1762,1798,1835,1878),最後のものは1932‐35年の第8版で,現在第9版を準備中である。… 【アカデミー・フランセーズ】より…フランス学士院Institut de Franceにある五つのアカデミーのうち最古のもの。1633年ごろ,詩人コンラールValentin Conrart(1603‐75)の家で文芸同好会のような集りがあるのを知った宰相リシュリューが,これを公的機関に制定し,フランス語の統一と純化という文化政策の一環に組み入れようとした。… ※「Institut de France」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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