Webb, Sidney James

Japanese: ウェッブ(英語表記)Webb, Sidney James
Webb, Sidney James
Born: July 13, 1859, London
[died] October 13, 1947. Liphook British politician and sociologist. Leading theorist of Fabianism. Founder of the Fabian Society with George Bernard Shaw. Also contributed to the establishment of the London School of Economics. In 1913, he founded the weekly magazine New Statesman. From 1915, he served as a member of the Labour Party Executive Committee, Secretary of State for Trade and Secretary of State for the Colonies. He argued that the path to socialism must be seen from the perspective of transforming the existing state into a "welfare state" through gradual social reform, such as nationalizing industry and business, organizing industry through state power, establishing a local government system, enhancing the consumer cooperative movement, and building "industrial democracy" in industry. His major works, co-authored with his wife Beatrice Webb, include The History of Trade Unionism (1894) and Industrial Democracy (1897).

Webb
Webb, Beatrice

Born: January 22, 1858, Gloucester
[died]April 30, 1943. Liphook, Hampshire. A leading theorist of British Fabianism. Wife of Sidney J. Webb. Maiden name Potter. While working under Charles Booth to investigate the working poor in London, she conceived the idea for Industrial Democracy (1897, revised edition 1920). While leading Sidney theoretically, she also gained a methodological perspective that criticized the highly abstract nature of economics. She served as president of the Fabian Society from 1938 to 1941. She co-authored many books with her husband, but her solo works include My apprenticeship (1926) and Our Partnership (1948).

Webb
Webb, Philip Speakman

Born January 12, 1831, Oxford
[died] April 17, 1915. British architect. A pupil of George E. Street, from 1858 he worked on furniture making with William Morris and Edward C. Burne-Jones. He built the simple brick Red House (1859) and became one of the leading figures in the Domestic Revival, a movement that corresponded to Morris's Arts and Crafts movement. He built country houses such as Clouds (completed in 1886, destroyed by fire in 1889) and Standen (1891).

Webb
Webb, John

[Born] 1611
[Died] 1672
English architect. He worked as a pupil and collaborator of I. Jones from about 1628 to the end of the 1630s, and left behind many architectural drawings. After Jones' death, he showed a baroque style, influenced by C. Wren, and was responsible for the King Charles Building of Greenwich Hospital (1662-69).

Webb
Webb, Mary Gladys

Born: March 25, 1881, Shropshire
Died October 8, 1927. Sussex. British female author and poet. Many of her works are rich in the local color of her hometown, Shropshire.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1859.7.13. ロンドン
[没]1947.10.13. リップフック
イギリスの政治家,社会学者。フェビアン主義の指導的理論家。ジョージ・バーナード・ショーとともにフェビアン協会の設立者。また,ロンドン・スクール・オブ・エコノミクスの設立にも尽力した。1913年週刊誌『ニュー・ステーツマン』を創刊,1915年以降労働党執行委員をはじめ,同党内閣商務大臣,植民地大臣などを歴任。社会主義への道は,産業と事業の公有化と国家権力による産業組織化,地方自治制度の確立,消費組合運動の充実,産業での「産業民主主義」の構築など,漸進的な社会改良によって現存する国家を「福祉国家」へ転化させていくことのなかから展望されなければならないと主張した。主著は,妻のベアトリス・ウェッブと共著で『労働組合運動史』The History of Trade Unionism(1894),『産業民主制論』Industrial Democracy(1897)など。

ウェッブ
Webb, Beatrice

[生]1858.1.22. グロスター
[没]1943.4.30. ハンプシャー,リップフック
イギリスのフェビアン主義の指導的理論家。シドニー・J.ウェッブの妻。旧姓 Potter。チャールズ・ブースのもとでロンドンの労働者貧民調査に従事する間に,『産業民主制論』 Industrial Democracy (1897,改訂版 1920) の構想を得,シドニーを理論的に先導する一方,経済学の高度の抽象性を方法論的に批判する視点を得た。 1938~41年フェビアン協会会長を務めた。夫との共著が多いが,単独の著書としては『わが徒弟時代』 My apprenticeship (1926) ,『われわれの共同生活』 Our Partnership (1948) がある。

ウェッブ
Webb, Philip Speakman

[生]1831.1.12. オックスフォード
[没]1915.4.17. ワース
イギリスの建築家。ジョージ・E.ストリートの弟子で,1858年からウィリアム・モリスやエドワード・C.バーン=ジョーンズらと家具の製作に従事,赤い家 (1859) を素朴な煉瓦造で建て,モリスのアーツ・アンド・クラフツ運動に対応する住宅再興運動 (→ドメスティック・リバイバル) の主導的人物の一人となり,クラウズ (1886完成,1889火災破損) ,スタンデン (1891) のようなカントリーハウスなどを建てた。

ウェッブ
Webb, John

[生]1611
[没]1672
イギリスの建築家。 1628年頃から 1630年代末まで I.ジョーンズの弟子および協力者として活躍し,多数の建築図面を残している。ジョーンズの死後,C.レンの影響もあってバロック的な作風を示し,グリニッジ・ホスピタルのキング・チャールズ館 (1662~69) を担当した。

ウェッブ
Webb, Mary Gladys

[生]1881.3.25. シュロップシャー
[没]1927.10.8. サセックス
イギリスの女流作家,詩人。故郷シュロップシャーの地方色豊かな作品が多い。

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