Born: July 13, 1859, London [died] October 13, 1947. Liphook British politician and sociologist. Leading theorist of Fabianism. Founder of the Fabian Society with George Bernard Shaw. Also contributed to the establishment of the London School of Economics. In 1913, he founded the weekly magazine New Statesman. From 1915, he served as a member of the Labour Party Executive Committee, Secretary of State for Trade and Secretary of State for the Colonies. He argued that the path to socialism must be seen from the perspective of transforming the existing state into a "welfare state" through gradual social reform, such as nationalizing industry and business, organizing industry through state power, establishing a local government system, enhancing the consumer cooperative movement, and building "industrial democracy" in industry. His major works, co-authored with his wife Beatrice Webb, include The History of Trade Unionism (1894) and Industrial Democracy (1897). Webb |
[生]1859.7.13. ロンドン [没]1947.10.13. リップフック イギリスの政治家,社会学者。フェビアン主義の指導的理論家。ジョージ・バーナード・ショーとともにフェビアン協会の設立者。また,ロンドン・スクール・オブ・エコノミクスの設立にも尽力した。1913年週刊誌『ニュー・ステーツマン』を創刊,1915年以降労働党執行委員をはじめ,同党内閣商務大臣,植民地大臣などを歴任。社会主義への道は,産業と事業の公有化と国家権力による産業組織化,地方自治制度の確立,消費組合運動の充実,産業での「産業民主主義」の構築など,漸進的な社会改良によって現存する国家を「福祉国家」へ転化させていくことのなかから展望されなければならないと主張した。主著は,妻のベアトリス・ウェッブと共著で『労働組合運動史』The History of Trade Unionism(1894),『産業民主制論』Industrial Democracy(1897)など。 ウェッブ
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