...Christian hymn, derived from the Greek hymnos. Etymologically, it is the same as a hymn, but when used specifically, it refers to a hymn in verse (or, rarely, in prose) written in Latin for use in the Catholic liturgy (especially the breviary), and is distinct from popular hymns that have no liturgical status, and from Protestant hymns that arose after the Reformation. Representative examples, all of which originate from the Middle Ages, include the Te Deum (Praise thee, O God) sung during matins, Ave Maris Stella (Beautiful Star of the Sea) during vespers, the Alma Redemptoris (Holy Mother of the Savior) sung during the final service by the Virgin Mary, Ave Regina Celome (Hail Mary), Regina Coeli (Rejoice, Queen of Heaven), Salve Regina (Hail Mary), Pange Lingua (Praise O tongue) used during vespers on Corpus Christi, and Beni Creator Spiritus (Come Holy Spirit, Creator) sung during vespers on Advent. From [Hymn]...A song of praise to God or saints in Christianity. It comes from the Greek word hymnos and is originally synonymous with hymn, but while hymns refer to specific Catholic liturgical songs, hymns refer to popular songs of praise, and many Protestant hymns were created after the Reformation. Hymns, which are sung by the entire congregation during worship services and meetings, have lyrics in the native language, and are simple and familiar in both content and melody, naturally requiring a character similar to that of folk songs. The verses found in the Old Testament are considered to be the origins of hymns, along with the Psalms, and fragments of hymns from when Christianity was introduced to the Hellenistic cultural sphere remain, but the musical nature of either is unknown. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "hymnus" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ギリシアのヒュムノスhymnosを語源とするキリスト教の聖歌。語源的には賛美歌と同一であるが,とくに賛歌という場合には,カトリックの典礼(とくに聖務日課)に用いられるラテン語で創作された韻文詩(まれに散文詩)による賛美の歌ヒュムヌスhymnusをさし,典礼的な位置づけをもたない民衆的な賛美の歌や,宗教改革期以後に起こったプロテスタント系の賛美歌とは区別する。代表的なものは,いずれも中世に由来するもので,朝課の中で歌われる《テ・デウム》(神にまします御身をわれらたたえ),晩課の《アベ・マリス・ステラ》(うるわし海の星),終課の中で歌われる童貞聖マリアの交誦賛歌《アルマ・レデンプトリス》(救い主の聖なるおん母),《アベ・レジナ・チェロルム》(めでたし天の元后),《レジナ・チェリ》(天の元后喜びたまえ),《サルベ・レジナ》(めでたし元后),聖体の祝日の晩課に用いられる《パンジェ・リングア》(舌よ,ほめたたえよ),聖体降臨節の晩課で歌われる《ベニ・クレアトル・スピリトゥス》(創り主なる聖霊,来たりたまえ)などがある。… 【賛美歌】より…キリスト教における神や聖人に対する賛美の歌。ギリシア語のヒュムノスhymnosに由来し,賛歌と本来は同義であるが,賛歌がカトリックの特定の典礼歌を指すのに対して,賛美歌は民衆的な賛美の歌をいい,宗教改革後プロテスタントの賛美歌が多く作られた。礼拝や集会の際に,全会衆が唱和する賛美歌は,歌詞には自国語が用いられ,内容も旋律も平明で親しみやすく,民謡に類似した性格がおのずから求められる。 旧約聖書に散見される韻文は,《詩篇》とともに賛美歌の祖と考えられ,キリスト教がヘレニズム文化圏に伝えられた際の賛美歌の断片も残存するが,いずれも音楽の実体は不明である。… ※「hymnus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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