Hydroxylase

… There are also enzymes that catalyze reactions in which oxygen atoms are incorporated into a substrate as a result of direct reactions with molecular oxygen; these are called oxygenases. There are dioxygenases, which catalyze reactions in which both O atoms in an oxygen molecule are incorporated into the substrate, and monooxygenases (also called hydroxylases), which incorporate one atom into the substrate and reduce the other to H ₂ O. Many of these enzymes contain metals such as iron or copper. In living organisms, they are involved in many reactions, including hydroxylation (related to detoxification and the biosynthesis of certain hormones), desaturation of fatty acids, metabolism of physiologically active substances such as prostaglandins, and oxidative decomposition of aromatic compounds. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "hydroxylase" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　分子状酸素との直接反応の結果，酸素原子を基質にとりこむ様式の反応を触媒する酵素もあり，これらは酸素添加酵素(オキシゲナーゼoxygenase)と呼ばれる。酸素分子中の2原子のOがいずれも基質にとりこまれる反応を触媒するもの(ジオキシゲナーゼ)と，一方を基質にとりこみ，一方を還元してH₂Oにするモノオキシゲナーゼ(ヒドロキシラーゼhydroxylaseともいう)とがあり，鉄，銅などの金属を含むものが多い。生体内においては，水酸化(解毒，ある種のホルモンの生合成などに関係)，脂肪酸の不飽和化，プロスタグランジンなどの生理活性物質の代謝，芳香族化合物の酸化的分解など，多くの反応に関与する。…

※「hydroxylase」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報