…The high jump also started out as a front jump, which raised the center of gravity the highest, but then evolved into a western roll, in which the body was tilted over the bar, and then a belly roll, in which the body was laid on the stomach over the bar. Furthermore, Richard Fosbury (USA), winner of the 1968 Mexico Olympics, came up with a back jump, in which the athlete jumps over the bar on his back and falls headfirst into a pit, which turned out to be the most efficient jump, and the world record improved significantly. However, just like the pole vault, this would not have been possible without improvements to the landing surface, which was changed from a hard sand pit to a soft pit covered with soft rubber. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Fosbury, R." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…走高跳びも当初は重心を最も高く上げる正面跳びだったが,バーの上で体を倒すウェスタンロール,さらにバーの上で腹ばいになるベリーロールと変化した。さらに68年のメキシコ・オリンピック優勝者フォスベリーRichard Fosbury(アメリカ)は,背中でバーを越し,頭からピットに落ちる背面跳びを考案,結果的にはこれが最も合理的であることがわかり,世界記録は大きく向上した。しかし,これも棒高跳びの場合と同様,かつて硬い砂場だった落下場所がソフトラバーを敷き詰めた柔らかいピットに変わったという着地面の改良がなければ実現しなかったことであろう。… ※「Fosbury,R.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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