…When biological tissues or food are ground and extracted with water or boiling water, various components are eluted. These include proteins, lipids, pigments, and some polysaccharides, but the mixture of nitrogen-containing compounds such as free amino acids, low-molecular-weight peptides, nucleotides and related substances, various organic bases, and nitrogen-free compounds such as low-molecular-weight organic acids and sugars is usually called extractive components. All of these are known as flavor components, and are rich in umami, and have long been used as soup bases and stocks. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "extractive components" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…生物の組織や食品を磨砕し,水や熱湯で抽出すると種々の成分が溶出してくる。この中には,タンパク質,脂質,色素,多糖類の一部も含まれるが,通常これらの成分を除いた遊離アミノ酸,低級ペプチド,ヌクレオチドとその関連物質,各種の有機塩基などの含窒素化合物と低分子の有機酸および糖などの無窒素化合物の混合体をエキス成分extractive componentsと称している。これらはいずれも呈味成分として知られており,うま味に富み,スープベースやだしとして古くから用いられてきた。… ※「extractive components」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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