...The state of an atom is determined by the number of electrons in each electron orbital specific to that atom, but the principle of quantum mechanics that states that only one electron with opposite spin can be in the same orbital, i.e., a total of two electrons, is called the Pauli principle. If the spin is specified, if an electron is already in an electronic state, a second electron cannot be in that state, so it is also called the exclusion principle or forbidden principle. It was introduced as a hypothesis by W. Pauli in 1924 to explain the anomalous Zeeman effect in atomic spectra and atomic structure. ... *Some explanations of terms that refer to the "exclusion principle" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…原子の状態は,その原子に固有な各電子軌道に何個の電子が入っているかによって規定されるが,同一の軌道には反対向きのスピンをもつ電子が各1個ずつ,すなわち,合計2個までしか入れないという量子力学の原理をパウリの原理という。スピンまで指定すると,一つの電子状態にすでに電子が1個入っていれば,第2の電子はその状態に入れないことになるので,排他律exclusion principle,禁制原理ともいう。原子スペクトルの異常ゼーマン効果と原子構造を説明するために,1924年,W.パウリが仮説として導入した。… ※「exclusion principle」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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