epithet

Japanese: epithet
epithet

… Species names are based on binomial nomenclature. That is, the genus name is defined in noun form, and the specific particle (episte) is combined with the genus name to indicate the individual species. The scientific name of the magnolia is Magnolia liliflora Desr., which is the combination of the genus name Magnolia L. (Magnolia genus) with the specific particle liliflora to specify the species Magnolia (Magnolia japonica). It is distinguished from other scientific names of species that are indicated by other specific particles, such as Magnolia obovata Thunb. or Magnolia kobus DC. …

From [Seed]

…The classification of living things was established further back in the 18th century by C. von Linnaeus, who also gave long Latin descriptions for each species. However, he chose a characteristic word from the long description of the species and wrote it in the margin for the name of the genus, which is a group of similar species. As a result, the notation method of the species name, which combines the genus name and that word (called the epithet, or specific name) (later called binomial nomenclature), gradually came to be used. This led to a concise notation method for species names, and, together with the age of exploration at that time, promoted the study of biota around the world. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "epithet" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… 種名species nameは二命名法(二名法)binomialsによる。すなわち,属名を名詞形で定め,その属名に種小辞(種小名)epithetを組み合わせることによって,個々の種を示している。モクレンの学名はMagnolia liliflora Desr.であるが,これはMagnolia L.(モクレン属)の属名にlilifloraという種小辞を組み合わせてモクレン(シモクレン)という種を指定したものであり,他の種小辞で示された別の種の学名,たとえばホオノキMagnolia obovata Thunb.やコブシMagnolia kobus DC.などと区別される。…

【種】より

…生物の分類はさらに下って18世紀のC.vonリンネによって確立されたが,彼の場合も,一つ一つの種について長いラテン語による記載を与えていた。ただ,よく似た種の集りである属genusの名前に,種の長い記載のうちから特徴的な1語を選んで欄外にそれを示す方法をとったので,属名とその1語(これを種小名epithet,specific nameという)を組み合わせた種名の表記法(のちに二命名法binominal nomenclatureといわれるようになった)がしだいに使われるようになった。これにより種名の表記法が簡潔となり,おりからの探検の時代とあいまって,世界中の生物相の研究が促進されることになった。…

※「epithet」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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