...Furthermore, if we look at the state of the gas in the space, we can think of two cases: the gas remaining inside the vacuum chamber is only undergoing thermal molecular motion, and the gas inside a fluorescent lamp is ionized by electron collisions and radiation (ultraviolet rays, X-rays, gamma rays, and other cosmic rays), and the former is sometimes called a thermal vacuum, and the latter is called a plasma vacuum. As mentioned above, in practice, a vacuum means a state of high reduced pressure, and the degree of this reduced pressure, that is, the degree of vacuum, is called the degree of vacuum. Since Torricelli and Pascal, it has been customary to express the degree of vacuum in terms of the pressure of the gas remaining in the space. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "degree of vacuum" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…またこのとき,その空間内の気体の状態に着目すると,真空室の内部に残っている気体が熱分子運動だけを行っている場合と,蛍光灯の内部などのように気体の一部が電子の衝突や放射線(紫外線,X線,γ線,その他の宇宙線)を受けて電離しイオンになっている場合とを考えることができ,前者を熱真空,後者をプラズマ真空と呼ぶことがある。 さて,前述のように,実用上は真空とは高い減圧状態を意味し,この減圧の程度,すなわち真空の程度を真空度degree of vacuumという。トリチェリ,パスカル以来,真空度は空間に残っている気体の圧力で表す習慣がある。… ※「degree of vacuum」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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