Yan Xi-shan (English name)

Japanese: 閻錫山 - えんしゃくざん（英語表記）Yan Xi-shan

[Live] Guangxu 9 (1883).10.8. Yamanishi, Wutai
Died May 23, 1960. Taipei Chinese politician. Leader of the Shanxi warlords. Joined the China Revolutionary Alliance while attending the Japanese Military Academy. Raised an army during the Xinhai Revolution, and became the governor of Shanxi after the establishment of the Republic of China. He held real power in Shanxi Province for the next 38 years. He advocated the Shanxi Monroe Doctrine, but temporarily abandoned it in order to cooperate with the Nationalist government's Northern Expedition. After the Northern Expedition was completed, he was appointed Minister of the Interior and Deputy Commander of the Army, Navy, and Air Force. In 1930 and 1931, he participated in the anti-Chiang War, but was defeated, and later returned to the Nationalist government. He reverted to the Monroe Doctrine, and in 1937, the Second Sino-Japanese War began, and Taiyuan was occupied, which dealt a major blow. Furthermore, the advance of the Eighth Route Army caused Shanxi's rule to waver. After World War II, he actively promoted the Chinese Civil War, and used the former Japanese army to fight the Communist army, but was defeated. He fled to Taipei via Nanjing and Guangzhou, and served as Premier and Minister of National Defense. After his resignation, he became a member of the Presidential Office's Finance Department and a member of the Kuomintang Central Council.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]光緒9(1883).10.8. 山西，五台
[没]1960.5.23. 台北
中国の政治家。山西軍閥の領袖。日本陸軍士官学校在学中，中国革命同盟会に加入。辛亥革命の際挙兵し，中華民国成立後山西都督となり，その後の 38年間山西省の実権を握った。山西モンロー主義を唱えたが，国民政府の北伐に協力して一時モンロー主義を放棄し，北伐完成後は内政部長，陸海空軍副司令などに就任。 1930，31年反蒋戦争に参加したが敗れ，のち国民政府に復帰。再びモンロー主義をとり，37年日中戦争が始り太原が占領されたため大打撃を受け，さらに八路軍の進出により山西支配はゆらいだ。第2次世界大戦後積極的に国共内戦を推進し，旧日本軍を使って共産党軍と戦ったが敗れ，南京，広州を経て台北に逃げ，行政院長兼国防部長をつとめた。辞任後は総統府資政，国民党中央評議委員に就任した。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Sophora japonica - Sophora japonica

>>: Yan Ruoying - Enjakukyo