comitatenses

Japanese: comitatenses

...they consisted mainly of cavalry and infantry, and were commanded by a district commander (dux). The troops were generally stationary, but sometimes they became pseudocomitatenses (field armies), and sometimes they were upgraded to comitatenses (field armies) and moved about. Therefore, they cannot be considered hereditary farmers, working the land assigned to them by the state.

From Rome

…And during this period, civil and military careers were completely separated. The military was divided into border defence forces (limitanei) that protected the borders, and mobile cavalry forces (comitatenses) that reported directly to the emperor and rushed to dangerous areas. In order to maintain this bloated bureaucracy and the expanding legions, the state finances almost collapsed. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "comitatenses" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…おもに騎兵部隊と歩兵部隊から成り，各地区の軍司令官(ドゥクスdux)が指揮した。部隊は普通移動することはなかったが，ときどき偽野戦軍(プセウドコミタテンセスpseudocomitatenses)となったり，時にまた野戦軍(コミタテンセスcomitatenses)に格上げされて移動した。それゆえ，彼らを国から割り当てられた土地を耕す世襲の農兵であったと考えることはできない。…

【ローマ】より

…そしてこの時代には文官経歴と武官経歴が完全に分離された。軍隊は国境を守る国境防衛軍(リミタネイlimitanei)と，皇帝に直属し危地に急行する騎兵機動軍(コミタテンセスcomitatenses)に分かれた。　こうして肥大化した官僚群と拡大した軍団を保持するために，国家財政はほとんど破綻にした。…

※「comitatenses」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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