This school of poetry dominated Italian poetry after the First World War. Hermetism means alchemy. It was strongly influenced by French Symbolism, especially Mallarmé and Valéry, and aimed to create a pure poem that eliminated non-poetic elements such as history and politics from poetry, and removed the communicative function of words to the maximum extent possible, restoring to poetry the power of evoking images that words are inherently capable of. Many poets emerged from magazines such as "Frontespisio" and "Campo di Marte" published in Florence in the 1930s. Representative poets include Ungaretti, who established this style in his collection of poems "The Sense of Time" (1933), Quasimodo, Sinisgalli, and Luzi. The critic Bo also became the theoretical pillar of this school. However, after the Second World War, their passive attitude toward fascism and war came under harsh criticism from poets and writers who were involved in the harsh resistance movement. [Kouhei Kawana] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリア第一次世界大戦後、イタリア詩の主流を占めた詩派。エルメティズモとは錬金術の意。フランスの象徴主義、とくにマラルメとバレリーの影響を強く受け、詩から歴史や政治などの非詩的要素を排除し、ことばの伝達機能を極限まで取り除いて、ことばが本来備えているイメージの喚起力を詩のなかに取り戻そうとする純粋詩を目ざした。1930年代にフィレンツェで発行された『フロンテスピーツィオ』『カンポ・ディ・マルテ』などの雑誌に拠(よ)って多くの詩人たちが登場した。とくに詩集『時間の感覚』(1933)でこの詩法を確立したウンガレッティや、クアジーモド、シニズガッリ、ルーツィが代表的詩人である。また、批評家ボーはこの詩派の理論的支柱となった。しかし第二次世界大戦後、ファシズムや戦争に対する消極的な姿勢が、過酷な抵抗運動を担った詩人や作家たちの厳しい批判を浴びるところとなった。 [川名公平] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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