F number - F number

Japanese: F数 - えふすう
F number - F number

The ratio of the focal length of an optical system such as a lens to the diameter of the aperture stop. The amount of light (illuminance) converged to a unit area on the image plane is inversely proportional to the square of the F-number. When the image plane is shifted a certain amount from the correct image plane position, the larger the F-number, the less blurred the image will be. Conversely, the amount of deviation in the image plane position that is permitted to produce a certain amount of blur, i.e., the depth of focus, is proportional to the F-number. For practical lenses, F-numbers range from about 1 to 16. Lenses with small F-numbers have large aberrations, which are difficult to correct. On the other hand, lenses with large F-numbers have a small amount of light, and blurring due to light diffraction is large.

[Kazuo Miyake]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

レンズなどの光学系の焦点距離と開口絞りの直径の比。像面の単位面積に収束する光の量(照度)はF数の2乗に反比例する。像面が正しい像面の位置から一定量ずれているとき、F数が大きいほど像のぼけは小さい。逆にいえば、一定量のぼけを生ずるのに許される像面位置のずれの大きさ、すなわち焦点深度はF数に比例する。実用のレンズでは、F数は1から16ぐらいである。F数の小さなレンズは収差が大きくなり、これを補正することは困難である。一方、F数の大きなレンズは光量が小さく、光の回折によるぼけが大きくなる。

[三宅和夫]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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