Council of Ephesus

Japanese: エフェソス公会議 - えふぇそすこうかいぎ
Council of Ephesus

The Third Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church was held in Ephesus, Asia Minor, in 431. It was convened by Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II to resolve the so-called Nestorius Controversy. Nestorius (Patriarch of Constantinople) claimed that Christ had two divine and human persons or substances, and opposed the title of Mary "Mother of God (Theotokos)," which was widely used at the time and caused problems in the Eastern world. He was fiercely rebuked by Cyril (Patriarch of Alexandria) and declared a heretic at this council. At this council, it was decided that Christ's persona was one divine person, and that Mary was the Mother of God.

[Eizo Kikuchi]

"History of Christianity 2: The Age of the Church Fathers" by H.I. Marullo, supervised translation by the Institute of Medieval Thought, Sophia University (1980, Kodansha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

431年、小アジアのエフェソスEphesos(エペソ)で開かれたキリスト教会の第3回公会議。いわゆるネストリウス論争の解決のため、東ローマ皇帝テオドシウス2世によって招集された。ネストリウス(コンスタンティノープルの総主教)は、キリストには神人二つの人格ないし実体があると主張、また当時広く用いられて東方世界で問題化していた「神の母(テオトコス)」というマリアの呼称に反対したため、キリロス(アレクサンドリアの総主教)によって激しく論難され、この会議で異端の宣告を受けた。この会議では、キリストの位格(ペルソナ)について神人一体であること、マリアは神の母であることが決定された。

[菊地栄三]

『H・I・マルー著、上智大学中世思想研究所監訳『キリスト教史2 教父時代』(1980・講談社)』

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