…In French, pièce bien faite literally means a well-constructed play, but it usually refers to a play with a tight structure, in which the plot progresses through well-constructed situations rather than through the personalities of the characters. It was established in 19th century France, and its main writers include Eugène Scribe, V. Sardou, A. Dumas the Younger, and Émile Augier. In general, the story unfolds while unsettling and surprising the audience, with the conclusion usually conforming to established moral values. … From [French Theatre]…The major characteristics of French theater from the Middle Ages to the present are: (1) historically, it can be broadly divided into before and after the 17th century, with a series of changes and discontinuities that occurred in the 17th century as the axis, and while many plays from the 17th century onwards have been shared to the present day in a more or less continuous form, whether in the form of performances in theaters or in the form of reading dramatic literature, plays from the 17th century onwards, with a few exceptions, remain merely “knowledge” of theatrical or literary history; (2) structurally, as the framework for the genres of performing arts (word theater, opera, ballet, etc.) was established in the 17th century and their institutionalization, including state subsidies (the Royal Academy of Music opened in 1669 and the Comédie-Française in 1680), led to the centralization of theatrical activities in Paris theaters, and the primacy of “word theater” within theatrical expression and the associated tradition of emphasizing literary drama were established. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Augier, É." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…フランス語ではpièce bien faiteといい,文字どおりには〈よく作られた戯曲〉を意味するが,普通は,緊密な構成をもち,人物の個性よりも巧みに組み立てられた状況によってプロットが進行する戯曲を指す。19世紀のフランスで確立し,スクリーブEugène Scribe,V.サルドゥー,A.デュマ(子),オージエÉmile Augierなどをおもな書き手とする。おおむね,過去の秘密がしだいに明らかになって中心人物の現在の生活に決定的な影響を及ぼすという物語を,観客を不安がらせたり驚かせたりしながら進行させ,また,結末は既成の道徳観に合致するのが普通である。… 【フランス演劇】より…中世から現代に至るフランス演劇の大きな特徴は,(1)歴史的には,17世紀に起こった一連の変化・断絶を軸として,それ以前とそれ以後に大別され,17世紀以降の演劇の多くのものが,劇場における上演という形にせよ,劇文学の読書という形にせよ,今日まで一応は連続して共有されてきたのに対し,17世紀以前の演劇は,少数の例外を除いて,演劇史あるいは文学史の〈知識〉にとどまること,(2)構造的には,17世紀に舞台芸術諸ジャンルの枠組み(〈言葉の演劇〉,オペラ,バレエ等)が成立し,国庫補助を含むその制度化(王立音楽アカデミーは1669年,コメディ・フランセーズは1680年に開設された)が進むと,演劇活動のパリの劇場への集中化が行われ,演劇表現内部における〈言葉の演劇〉の優位とそれに伴う文学戯曲重視の伝統が確立したことである。… ※「Augier,É.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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