The Major Arcana is a set of 78 cards, consisting of 22 picture cards called the Major Arcana (arcana is the plural of the Latin arcanum, meaning "secret") and 56 Minor Arcana cards. They are primarily used for divination. From Paracelsus…Furthermore, he emphasized celestial causes in the correlation between the macrocosm (the universe) and the microcosm (human beings), recognized the mysterious Archeus as a natural entity, and discussed the activation of the functions of each organ (the digestive function seen in the stomach) by the alchemist residing in humans. Therefore, instead of the conventional humoral pathology theory, he advocated a theory of five etiologies of the Archeus' weakening: celestial, toxic, natural, mental, and divine causes, reconstructed the four elements and four humors that have existed since ancient times based on these factors, and considered Arcana to be a "secret substance" for their activation. This kind of empirical and mystical philosophical medicine not only influenced J. Boehme, the father and son Helmont, and R. Fludd, but also blossomed into an even greater idea after his death in Salzburg, spreading throughout Europe as Paracelsianism. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "arcana" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…22枚の〈大アルカナ〉(アルカナarcanaは〈秘密〉の意のラテン語arcanumの複数形)と呼ばれる絵札と,56枚の〈小アルカナ〉からなる一組78枚のカード。主として卜占に用いる。… 【パラケルスス】より…さらにマクロコスモス(大宇宙)とミクロコスモス(人間)の相関から天体因を重視し,〈始源者〉としての霊妙なアルケウスarcheusを自然の存在物に認め,このいわば人間の中に宿る錬金術師による各臓器の機能の活性化(代表は胃に見られる消化作用)を論じた。それゆえ,従来の体液病理説ではなく,アルケウスの衰弱要因として天体因,毒因,自然因,精神因,神因の5病因説を唱え,古代以来の四元素,四体液などを以上の要因を基にして再構築し,その活性化の〈秘蔵物質〉としてアルカナarcanaを考えた。 こうした実証的かつ神秘主義的哲学的医術は,J.ベーメ,ヘルモント父子,R.フラッドらに影響を与えただけでなく,彼のザルツブルクでの客死以後,さらにいっそう大きな思想となって開花し,パラケルスス主義として全ヨーロッパに拡大した。… ※「arcana」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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