Echmiadzin (English spelling)

Japanese: エチミアジン - えちみあじん(英語表記)Эчмиадзин/Echmiadzin
Echmiadzin (English spelling)

A city in the Republic of Armenia. Population 65,500 (1999). Until 1945, it was called Vagarshapat. It is located on the Ararat Plain, 20 km west of the Republic's capital Yerevan, and 15 km from the train station to the city center. There are factories producing plastics, handicrafts, electronic parts, metal processing, and food processing, as well as a local history museum, a librarian training school, and an art museum.

The city is one of the oldest cities in the Caucasus region, and was extremely prosperous as it was the seat of the Armenian Orthodox Church. It has been confirmed that the ancient city of Bartskesavan existed within the current city limits in the 2nd century BC, and in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD there was a city called Bagarshapat, named after King Bagarshiye I, which was the capital of the ancient Armenian kingdom from the latter half of the 2nd century to the 4th century. Even today, the old city has many narrow, winding streets, and is home to the cathedral built in 303 (rebuilt in the 7th century), Traveznaya Monastery (built in the 17th century), Hripsime Church (7th century), Gayane Church (7th century), and Shokhagat Church (17th century). There are also many ruins of churches and other buildings in the suburbs.

[Kazuo Watanabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アルメニア共和国の都市。人口6万5500(1999)。1945年まではワガルシャパトВагаршапат/Vagarshapatと称した。アララト平野に位置し、共和国首都エレバンから西方20キロメートルにあたり、鉄道駅から市街までは15キロメートル離れている。プラスチック、工芸品、電子部品、金属加工、食品加工などの工場があり、郷土館、図書館司書養成学校、絵画館などが置かれている。

 市はカフカス地域屈指の古都で、またアルメニア正教会の司教座が置かれたために市勢はきわめて盛んであった。現在の市域のなかにも紀元前2世紀に古代都市バルツケサバンがあったことが確かめられ、紀元後1~2世紀に国王バガルシエ1世にちなむ都市バガルシャパトがあり、2世紀後半から4世紀にかけてアルメニア古代王国の首都であった。現在も旧市内は曲がりくねった細道が多く、303年建立(7世紀に改築)の大聖堂、トラベズナヤ修道院(17世紀建立)があり、そのほかリプシメ教会(7世紀)、ガヤーネ教会(7世紀)、ショカガット教会(17世紀)などが保存されている。近郊にも教会などの遺跡が多い。

[渡辺一夫]

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