...However, the containment policy was criticized for its isolationist view that America should not get involved in European conflicts, and for its passivity. In 1952, J.F. Dulles proposed a "roll-back policy" as an alternative to containment, which sought to "liberate" the socialist countries around the Soviet Union from the Soviet sphere of influence. In the 1960s, the Kennedy administration made the containment policy the basis of its China policy. From the Cold War...The first was the "New Look Strategy," which defined nuclear weapons as a "massive retaliatory force" and sought to restrain the Soviet Union's advancement while taking advantage of America's superiority by using their deterrent power as a prerequisite. The second was the "roll-back policy," which advocated the "liberation" of areas under Soviet control and also placed importance on the Cold War in Asia. Meanwhile, the Soviet Union was gradually moving toward de-Stalinization, and moves to improve relations with the West were beginning to emerge. *Some of the terminology that refers to "roll-back policy" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…しかし封じ込め政策に対しては,アメリカはヨーロッパの紛争に巻き込まれるべきでないとする孤立主義的見解に立った批判や,その消極性に対する批判があった。52年,J.F.ダレスは封じ込めに代わるものとしてより積極的にソ連周辺の社会主義国家をもソ連の勢力範囲から〈解放〉していこうという,〈巻き返し政策roll‐back policy〉を提唱した。封じ込め政策は60年代,ケネディ政権によって対中国政策の基本とされた。… 【冷戦】より…一つは〈ニュー・ルック戦略〉であり,核兵器を〈大量報復力〉と規定し,その威嚇力を前提としてアメリカの優位の上にソ連の進出を抑えようとするものであった。第2に,〈巻返し政策roll‐back policy〉といわれたようにソ連の支配下にある地域の〈解放〉を主張し,またアジアでの冷戦をも重視した。一方ソ連においては徐々に非スターリン化の路線がとられ,西側との関係改善の動きが出はじめてきた。… ※「roll-back policy」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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