Planetary gear unit - Epicyclic gear unit

Japanese: 遊星歯車装置 - ゆうせいはぐるまそうち
Planetary gear unit - Epicyclic gear unit

A device that accelerates and decelerates by using a mechanism in which multiple planetary gears revolve around a sun gear while rotating on their own axis. In addition to the sun gear and planetary gears, the device is made up of a planetary carrier, which serves as the output shaft for the orbital motion of the planetary gears, and an outer gear. One of the sun gear, planetary carrier, and outer gear is fixed, one is the input shaft, and the other is the output shaft. Depending on which elements are designated as input/output and fixed, it is possible to switch between multiple speed ratios and rotation directions with a single device ( see figure ).

Its features include the ability to achieve a large reduction ratio with fewer stages, resulting in a compact transmission, the ability to transmit large torque, the ability to arrange the input and output shafts coaxially, and the ability to distribute the load across multiple planetary gears, making it less susceptible to wear and tear.

Application examples include auxiliary transmissions for torque converter-type automatic transmissions in passenger cars, and hybrid engines, where the engine power is distributed between the wheels and the generator.Other applications include internal transmissions built into the hubs of rear wheels of bicycles, reducers for wind turbines used in wind power generation, reducers for various industrial machines, and many other applications.

[Shimizu Shinji]

[Reference] | Differential gears | Gears
Planetary gear device and speed transmission ratio calculation formula (diagram)
©Shogakukan ">

Planetary gear device and speed transmission ratio calculation formula (diagram)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

太陽歯車を中心として、複数の遊星歯車が自転しながら、公転する機構により、減速ならびに増速する装置。装置は、太陽歯車sun gear、遊星歯車planetary gearのほかに、遊星歯車の公転運動の出力軸となる遊星キャリアpalanetary carrierと内歯車outer gearから構成されている。太陽歯車、遊星キャリア、内歯車の内、一つを固定し、一つを入力軸に、一つを出力軸にする。どの要素を入・出力、固定にするかにより、一つの装置で、複数の速比や回転方向の切替えが可能である()。

 特徴としては、少ない段数で、大きな減速比が得られ、コンパクトな変速装置を実現できること、大きなトルクが伝達できること、入力軸と出力軸を同軸上に配置できること、複数の遊星歯車に負荷を分散できるので、摩耗や欠損が起こりにくいことなどがあげられる。

 応用例としては、乗用車のトルクコンバータ式の自動変速装置の補助変速装置や、ハイブリッドエンジンで、エンジン動力を車輪と発電機に分配するのに用いられている。このほか、自転車の後輪のハブ内部に組み込まれる内装形変速装置、風力発電用風車の減速機、各種産業機械の減速機など、広範な分野で活躍している。

[清水伸二]

[参照項目] | 差動歯車装置 | 歯車
遊星歯車装置と速度伝達比の計算式〔図〕
©Shogakukan">

遊星歯車装置と速度伝達比の計算式〔図〕


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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