Wyatt, Sir Thomas

Japanese: ワイアット（英語表記）Wyatt, Sir Thomas

Born 1503. Allington, near Maidstone
[Died] October 6, 1542. Sherban English poet and diplomat. Also known as Wyat. He was highly valued by Henry VIII and sent as a diplomatic envoy to many continental countries. He was twice imprisoned for his past relationship with Queen Anne Boleyn and for being a supporter of Thomas Cromwell. He translated Italian poetry and introduced the sonnet form to England. He created the English sonnet, which ends in a couplet. Together with the Earl of Surrey, he became a pioneer of Elizabethan lyric poetry. However, his best works are lyric poems written in the original English idiom and with a somewhat irregular meter. His strong individuality was unusual for his time, and 96 of his works were collected posthumously in Tottel's Miscellany (1557).

Wyatt
Wyatt, James

Born: August 3, 1746. Burton Constable
[Died] September 4, 1813. British architect near Marlborough. Early recognition of his talent led him to study in Italy (1762-68). Shortly after returning to England, he designed the Pantheon in London (1772, demolished in 1937), which brought him instant fame. Initially favoring the classical style, he designed Heaton House (1772) and Oriel College Library (1788), among others. Later, he turned to the Gothic style, building Fonthill Abbey (1896-1807) and Ashridge Park (1806-13), among others. He was involved in the restoration and renovation of many cathedrals and palaces, including Salisbury Cathedral, and was nicknamed "Wyatt the Destroyer" due to his archaeological inaccuracies.

Wyatt
Wyat, Sir Thomas, the Younger

[Born] Around 1521
[Died] April 11, 1554.
English soldier and rebel leader. Born to a nobleman from Kent. Served in France and other parts of the continent for several years from 1543, and after returning to England, became Lord Lieutenant of Kent in 1551. In 1553, he planned a rebellion against the marriage of Mary I to Philip II of Spain, and in February of the following year, he led an army of 3,000 men to London, but failed and was executed. As his plan was to depose Mary and replace her with J. Grey, Grey was executed along with her husband, and Princess Elizabeth (later Elizabeth I) was imprisoned in the Tower of London for complicity.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1503. メードストン近郊アリントン
[没]1542.10.6. シャーバン
イギリスの詩人，外交官。Wyatとも記す。ヘンリー8世に重用され，外交使節として大陸諸国に派遣された。王妃アン・ブリンとのかつての関係から，またトマス・クロムウェルの同調者として 2度投獄された。イタリア詩を翻訳してソネット形式を初めてイギリスに紹介，二行連句で終わるイギリス風のソネットを創始し，サリー伯とともにエリザベス朝抒情詩の先駆者となった。しかし最高の作品は，イギリス詩本来の語法で書かれた，やや不規則な韻律の抒情詩である。個性が強く出ていることも当時としては異例で，各種の作品 96編が，死後，『トトル詩選集』Tottel's Miscellany（1557）に収められた。

ワイアット
Wyatt， James

[生]1746.8.3. バートンコンスタブル
[没]1813.9.4. マールバラ近郊
イギリスの建築家。早くから才能を認められてイタリアに留学 (1762～68) ，帰国後まもなくロンドンのパンテオン (72，1937解体) を設計し一躍名声を博した。初め古典主義的様式を好み，ヒートン邸 (1772) ，オリエル・カレッジ図書館 (88) などを設計。のちゴシック様式に向い，フォントヒル・アベイ (96～1807) ，アシュリッジ・パーク (06～13) などを建てた。ソールズベリー大聖堂など多数の聖堂や宮殿などの修復や改修にもたずさわったが，考古学上の不正確さから「破壊者ワイアット」とも呼ばれた。

ワイアット
Wyat， Sir Thomas， the Younger

[生]1521頃
[没]1554.4.11.
イギリスの軍人，反乱指導者。ケントの豪族の出。 1543年より数年間，フランスその他大陸で軍務に服し，帰国後，51年ケント長官。 53年メアリー1世とスペインのフェリペ2世の結婚に反対する反乱を計画し，翌年2月 3000の軍勢を率いてロンドンに迫ったが，失敗し処刑された。メアリーを廃位して J.グレーを即位させる計画であったため，グレーは夫とともに処刑され，王女エリザベス (のちのエリザベス1世 ) も連座の疑いでロンドン塔に投獄された。

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