French poet. His real name was Isidore Ducasse. He was born in Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay. He received his secondary education in Tarbes, the hometown of his parents in southwestern France, and then in Pau. He then went to Paris, where he is thought to have been preparing to take the entrance exam for the Ecole Polytechnique, but details are unknown. He died alone on November 23, 1870, but the circumstances are also unclear. His only remaining works are the long prose poem "The Songs of Maldoror" (written in 1869) under the pen name of Count Lautréamont, and the pamphlets "Poésies I and II" (written by Isidore Ducasse, 1870). "The Songs of Maldoror," a radical book that sings of evil and rebellion, was published in 1868 with only the "First Song," and the whole of it ("First Song" to "Sixth Song") was printed the following year, but was not distributed for fear of censorship (released posthumously in 1874). "Poésies" is a collection of aphorisms that aims to bring about a "new science" in poetry, but because there are systematic conflicts between the wording and content and "Maldoror's Chantes," there have been many discussions about its intentions and interpretations. His works, which were hardly read in the 19th century, were "discovered" in the 20th century, mainly by the Surrealists, and since then, he has been revered by contemporary writers, including those of the contemporary "Ter Quel" school (Sollers, Prenell, Kristeva, etc.), as a language that represents a kind of insurmountable limit, alongside Rimbaud, Artaud, and Joyce. [Koichi Toyosaki] "The Complete Works of Lautreamont, translated by Isamu Kurita, 1 volume (1968, Jinbun Shoin)" ▽ "Lautreamont according to himself, written by Marcelin Plainet, translated by Koichi Toyosaki (1979, Hakusuisha)" [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの詩人。本名イジドール・デュカス。ウルグアイの首都モンテビデオに生まれる。中等教育は父母の故郷であるフランス南西部のタルブ、ついでポーで受ける。そのあとパリに出、理工科大学校(エコール・ポリテクニク)受験を準備していたと思われるが、詳細は不詳。1870年11月23日、孤独のうちに死んだが、その状況も明らかでない。彼の残した作品としては、ロートレアモン伯爵の筆名による長編散文詩『マルドロールの歌』(1869作)と小冊子『ポエジー』Ⅰ・Ⅱ(イジドール・デュカス著、1870)があるだけである。悪と反抗をうたう過激な書『マルドロールの歌』は1868年に「第一の歌」のみ発行、翌年全体(「第一の歌」から「第六の歌」まで)が印刷されたが、検閲を恐れて配本されなかった(没後1874発売)。『ポエジー』は、きたるべき詩の「新しき学」を目ざすアフォリズム集のごときものであるが、字句、内容に『マルドロールの歌』と組織的に対立するところがあるため、その意図、解釈をめぐってさまざまな議論がなされてきた。 19世紀においてほとんど読まれることのなかった彼の作品は、20世紀に入って、主としてシュルレアリストたちによって「発見」され、以後、現代の「テル・ケル」派(ソレルス、プレネ、クリステバら)に至るまで、一種越えがたい極限を示す言語として、ランボー、アルトー、ジョイスなどとともに、現代の作家たちから仰ぎみられる存在になった。 [豊崎光一] 『栗田勇訳『ロートレアモン全集』全1巻(1968・人文書院)』▽『マルスラン・プレネ著、豊崎光一訳『彼自身によるロートレアモン』(1979・白水社)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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