This refers to places where strata or rocks are exposed directly, without being covered by soil or vegetation. Good outcrops can be found in places where erosion is active, such as streams and rocky coasts, or on cliffs along roads and in artificial cuts. Geologists carefully observe these outcrops when conducting geological surveys. When rocks have been released from the natural ground due to cliff collapses or mudslides, they are called boulders, and are generally not called outcrops, no matter how large they are. However, this is the case for geological surveys of bedrock geology; for surface geological surveys, exposed mass movement deposits like these are also good outcrops. [Hiroshi Iwamatsu] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
地層や岩石が、土壌や植生に覆われることなく、直接露出している場所をいう。沢筋や岩石海岸など侵食が盛んな所、あるいは道路沿いの崖(がけ)や人工的切割りなどに好露頭がみられる。地質学者は、この露頭を丹念に観察して地質調査を行う。岩石が、崖崩れや土石流により、地山から遊離して移動してきた場合は転石といい、どんなに大きくても露頭とはいわないのが一般である。しかし、これは基盤地質を対象とする地質調査の場合であって、表層地質調査にとっては、こうしたマスムーブメント堆積(たいせき)物の露出もりっぱな露頭である。 [岩松 暉] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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