Ekiho (English spelling) yi-fa; i-fa

Japanese: 役法 - えきほう（英語表記）yi-fa; i-fa

In China, the law for employing people for public service is well known, and the Song Dynasty's service law (posts) are famous. In the Song Dynasty, the postal services included the Gazen, who was responsible for transporting official goods, the Li Zheng, household heads, and township scribes, the Gu Chang, archers, and young men, who were responsible for catching thieves, the Cheng Fu, manpower, laborers, and scouts, the Caosi, who were in charge of the lowest level of affairs in prefectures and counties, the Gu Lu, and the Kong Mu Guan, and the Douzi, Ku Zi, and Bin Zi, who were in charge of warehouse work when farmers paid their taxes, and many other roles. There were five classes of village households for each type of service, with the first class households being the Li Zheng, the second class households being the household heads and Gu Chang, and the rest being the third class and below. The Yazen were assigned to those who had completed the duties of the Li Zheng. The above was called the "Substitute Service Law," and during the reign of Shenzong, Wang Anshi replaced it with the "Recruitment Law," which recruited applicants for service.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国で公事のため人民を使役する法で，宋代の役法 (職役) が有名。宋代職役には，官物の輸送などに従う衙前 (がぜん) ，賦税を徴収する里正，戸長，郷書手，盗賊を捕える耆長，弓手，壮丁，官の使い走りをする承符，人力，人手，散従官，州県の末端事務を司る曹司より押録，孔目官にいたる諸役，農民が租を納めるとき，倉庫の実務にあたる斗子，庫子，秤子など多くの役があった。各種役には，五等に分けられた郷戸があり，一等戸は里正，二等戸は戸長，耆長，そのほかは三等以下の戸があたった。衙前は里正の役を終えた者のなかから割当てられた。以上を差役法といい，神宗時代，王安石によって，希望者をつのって役にあてる募役法に切替えられた。

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