Lausanne - Lausanne (English spelling)

The capital of the canton of Vaud in western Switzerland. Population 115,638 (2001). Located on the north shore of Lake Geneva, it was originally a settlement on the slopes of Mont Jora (901m) to the north, and the old town is dominated by the early Gothic Notre Dame Cathedral (construction began in 1173 and completed in 1275), said to be the most beautiful in Switzerland. Since a train station was established in 1856, the city has expanded to the port town of Ouchy on the lake shore and has grown rapidly. At present, it forms a population cluster along the lake shore, including small cities such as Renan, Pully, and Pully, stretching for 12km along the coast. The city's development is due to the industrialization and tourism of the lake shore, and 40% of the canton's industry is concentrated in this cluster, but due to the limited land for factories within the city due to topographical constraints, two-thirds of the industrial population is engaged in tertiary industries such as tourism and finance.

It is home to the Federal Supreme Court and the headquarters of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and is often the location of international conferences and trade fairs. It also has a comprehensive university (founded in 1890) and the Federal Institute of Technology (founded in 1969), and has many international students.

[Ikuo Maejima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

スイス西部、ボー州の州都。人口11万5638（2001）。レマン湖北岸に位置するが、本来は北のモン・ジョラ山（901メートル）の斜面の丘陵上に立地した集落で、旧市区にはスイスでもっとも美しいといわれる初期ゴシック様式のノートル・ダム大聖堂（1173年に建造を始め1275年完成）が町のシンボルとしてそびえる。1856年に鉄道の駅が置かれてから市街は湖岸の港町ウシーまで拡大し、急成長した。現在は湖岸に沿ってルナン、ピュリー、プリリーなどの小都市を含み、沿岸12キロメートルにわたる人口集積地域を形成する。市の発展は湖岸の工業化、観光地化に負っており、州内の工業の4割はこの集積地域に集まるが、市内には地形上の制約から工場用地が少ないので、産業人口の3分の2は観光・金融など第三次産業に従事する。

　連邦最高裁判所、IOC（国際オリンピック委員会）本部が置かれ、国際会議、見本市がしばしば開かれる。総合大学（1890創立）、連邦立理工科大学（1969創立）があり、外国からの留学生も多い。

［前島郁雄］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例