Ryukan

A monk of the Heian and Kamakura periods. One of Honen's (Genku) leading disciples. Founder of the Chorakuji school. His pen name is also known as Kaiku (or Doku) or Muga. Born as the son of Fujiwara no Suketaka (date of birth and death unknown), he climbed Mount Hiei as a child and studied Tendai under Koen (?-1169). By 1206 (Ken'ei 1), he had already come down from Mount Hiei and lived at Chorakuji Temple in Higashiyama, Kyoto, where he inherited the teachings of Honen. After his teacher passed away in 1212 (Ken'ei 2), he played a major role as an external leader of the Nembutsu group in Kyoto. However, in 1227 (Ansetsu 1), he was persecuted by the monks of Mount Hiei, and passed away in Iiyama, Sagami (Atsugi, Kanagawa Prefecture) while exiled to Mutsu. His teachings had a great influence on his fellow monk Shinran. His writings include "Mida Hongangi," "Gisanshingi," "Gokuraku Jodo Shugi," and "Chionko Shiki."

[Takatoshi Hirokawa October 19, 2017]

"Hirai Masayoshi, 'The Pure Land Buddhism of Master Ryukan, with a Collection of Writings' (1941, Kanazawa Bunko Pure Land Sect Study Group)" ▽ "Ishida Mitsuyuki, 'The Study of Pure Land Buddhism under the Disciples of Saint Honen,' Volumes 1 and 2 (1979, Daito Publishing)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安・鎌倉時代の僧。法然(ほうねん)（源空）の高弟の一人。長楽寺流の祖。字(あざな)を皆空(かいくう)（または道空）、無我(むが)ともいう。藤原資隆(ふじわらのすけたか)（生没年不詳）の子として生まれ、幼少のころ比叡山(ひえいざん)に登り、皇円(こうえん)（？―1169）に天台を学ぶ。1206年（建永1）ころにはすでに叡山を下り、京都東山の長楽寺に住し、もっぱら法然の教えを相承した。1212年（建暦2）に師の入滅にあうや、京都における念仏者集団の対外的な指導者として大いに活躍する。しかし、1227年（安貞1）比叡山衆徒の弾圧にあい、陸奥(むつ)配流の途中、相州飯山(いいやま)（神奈川県厚木）にて入寂。その教えは同門親鸞(しんらん)に大きな影響を与えた。著述に『弥陀本願義(みだほんがんぎ)』『具三心義』『極楽(ごくらく)浄土宗義』『知恩講私記』などがある。

［廣川尭敏　2017年10月19日］

『平井正戒著『隆寛律師の浄土教　附　遺文集』（1941・金沢文庫浄土宗典研究会）』▽『石田充之著『法然上人門下の浄土教学の研究』上下（1979・大東出版社）』

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