Iron sulfide - Rucate

[ I ] Iron(II) sulfide: FeS (87.91). It exists naturally as pyrrhotite. It is also found in meteorites as troilite. Pyrrhotite is often an iron-deficient non-stoichiometric compound, Fe _{1- x} S. It can be obtained by heating iron with sulfur or by adding an alkali metal sulfide to an aqueous solution of iron(II) salt. It has a hexagonal crystal system and a nickel arsenide-type structure. It is grey in colour. Its density is about 4.7 g cm ^-3 . Its melting point is 1170 °C. It is antiferromagnetic and its Néel point is 325 °C. It is insoluble in water, but dissolves in acid and produces hydrogen sulfide. When heated in a vacuum, it produces sulfur at temperatures above 1100 °C, and only iron remains at 1600 °C. It is used as a source of hydrogen sulfide, a raw material for sulfuric acid, in the manufacture of pottery, and as a catalyst. [CAS 1317-37-9] [ II ] Iron sulfide(III): _Fe2S3 (207.89). In nature, it is found _in combination with copper(I) sulfide as chalcopyrite, chalcopyrite, etc. It is obtained by adding ammonium sulfide to an aqueous solution of iron(III) salt. It is a black powder. Density 4.3 g cm ^-3 . It is oxidized in moist air to produce iron(III) oxide and sulfur. It is insoluble in water. [CAS 12063-27-3] [ III ] Iron disulfide(II): _FeS2 (119.98). In nature, it is found as cubic pyrite and orthorhombic marcasite. It is obtained by heating iron with alkali sulfite in a sealed tube. The cubic system is more thermally stable, and the orthorhombic system transforms to the cubic system when heated to above 450 °C. Both are stable in air and at room temperature, but when heated, they become iron oxide(III) and _SO2 . When heated in a vacuum at temperatures above 600 °C, they decompose into FeS and S. They are insoluble in water and dilute hydrochloric acid, but soluble in nitric acid and sulfuric acid. [CAS 12068-85-8]
All iron sulfide minerals are used as raw materials for iron and sulfuric acid.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

【Ⅰ】硫化鉄(Ⅱ)：FeS(87.91)．天然には，磁硫鉄鉱として存在する．いん石中にもトロイライトとして見いだされる．磁硫鉄鉱は鉄不足の不定比化合物Fe_1－xSであることが多い．鉄に硫黄を加えて熱するか，鉄(Ⅱ)塩の水溶液にアルカリ金属硫化物を加えると得られる．六方晶系，ヒ化ニッケル型構造．灰色．密度約4.7 g cm^－3．融点1170 ℃．反強磁性でネール点は325 ℃．水には溶けないが，酸に溶けて硫化水素を発生する．真空中で加熱すれば1100 ℃ 以上で硫黄を発生し，1600 ℃ で鉄のみが残る．硫化水素の発生源，硫酸の原料，陶器の製造，触媒に用いられる．[CAS 1317-37-9]【Ⅱ】硫化鉄(Ⅲ)：Fe₂S₃(207.89)．天然には，硫化銅(Ⅰ)と結合して黄銅鉱，ハン銅鉱などとして産出する．鉄(Ⅲ)塩水溶液に硫化アンモニウムを加えると得られる．黒色の粉末．密度4.3 g cm^－3．湿った空気中で酸化されて，酸化鉄(Ⅲ)と硫黄を生じる．水に不溶．[CAS 12063-27-3]【Ⅲ】二硫化鉄(Ⅱ)：FeS₂(119.98)．天然には，立方晶系の黄鉄鉱と斜方晶系の白鉄鉱として産出する．鉄を亜硫酸アルカリと封管中で加熱して得られる．立方晶系のほうが熱的に安定で，斜方晶系を450 ℃ 以上に加熱すると立方晶系に転移する．両者とも空気中，室温では安定であるが，熱すると酸化鉄(Ⅲ)とSO₂になる．真空中で加熱すると600 ℃ 以上でFeSとSに分解する．水，希塩酸に不溶，硝酸，硫酸に可溶．[CAS 12068-85-8]　
硫化鉄鉱物はいずれも鉄や硫酸の原料に用いられる．

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