A state in which many nucleons are close to each other within the range of the nuclear force (about 10 -15 m), like an atomic nucleus, is considered a type of material state and is called nuclear matter. Dividing the mass of an atomic nucleus by its volume results in a high density of about 10 14 g/cm 3. Nuclear matter of this kind is thought to have appeared in the universe in neutron stars and in the early universe, when all matter in the universe was condensed into small regions. In nuclear terms, it refers to materials such as uranium, plutonium, and thorium that can be used as fuel for nuclear reactors or as raw materials for them. It is defined in the Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
原子核のように,多数の核子が互いに核力の到達距離内 (約 10-15m ) に接近した状態を一種の物質状態とみなして,これを核物質という。原子核の質量をその体積で割ると,約 1014g/cm3 という大きな密度となる。このような高密度の核物質は宇宙においては中性子星や,宇宙初期に宇宙の全物質が小さい領域に凝集していた段階に出現すると考えられる。原子力用語としては,原子炉の燃料,あるいはその原料として使用できるウラン,プルトニウム,トリウムなどの物質のことをいう。国際原子力機関 IAEA憲章に定義されている。
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