A plane figure drawn by the motion obtained by synthesizing simple harmonic motion in two mutually perpendicular directions on a plane. It can be obtained by using a Blackburn pendulum or by applying sinusoidal electrical vibration to the horizontal and vertical axes of an oscilloscope. If the angular frequencies of the simple harmonic motion in the x and y directions are ω 1 and ω 2 , respectively, and expressed as x = a sin (ω 1 + α) and y = b sin (ω 2 + β), various Lissajous figures inscribed in rectangles with sides of length 2 a and 2 b can be obtained depending on the ratio ω 2 /ω 1 and the phase difference α - β. If ω 1 = ω 2 , the figure becomes an ellipse, and the motion is called elliptical vibration. In this case, the phase difference α - β can be found from the ellipse. If the ratio ω 1 /ω 2 is a rational number, the figure becomes a closed curve, but if it is an irrational number, it becomes a complex curve that does not close and fills the inside of the rectangle. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
平面上で互いに直交する2方向の単振動を合成して得られる運動が描く平面図形。ブラックバーンの振り子を用いたり,オシロスコープの横軸と縦軸にそれぞれ正弦波の電気振動を加えたりして得られる。 x ,y 方向の単振動のそれぞれの角振動数を ω1,ω2 として x=a sin (ω1+α),y=b sin (ω2+β) で表わすと,比 ω2/ω1 ,位相差 α-β の値に応じて,各辺の長さが 2a ,2b の長方形に内接した種々のリサジュー図形が得られる。ω1=ω2ならば図形は楕円となり,運動は楕円振動と呼ばれる。このとき楕円から位相差 α-β が求められる。図形は比 ω1/ω2 の値が有理数ならば閉曲線となるが,無理数ならば閉じない複雑な曲線となって長方形の内部を塗りつぶす。
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