One of the new zaibatsu that emerged in the early Showa period. Its origins date back to 1927 (Showa 2), when Masatoshi Okochi, who became the third director of the RIKEN Foundation (established in 1917), founded Rikagaku Kogyo with the goal of industrializing the institute's inventions and discoveries and, through that, acquiring research funds. From then on, under Okochi's unique management philosophies such as "Scientific Industrial Theory" and "Spiral Management Method," Rikagaku Kogyo successively commercialized RIKEN's patents, forming a corporate group at its peak with 62 companies, 121 factories, and a total nominal capital of 150 million yen, making it one of the new zaibatsu. However, although there were many affiliated companies, each one was small and financially weak, and as wartime controls progressed, control of the group was seized by a syndicate led by the Industrial Bank of Japan (now Mizuho Bank, Mizuho Corporate Bank), and the group lost its substance as a conglomerate. Existing Riken-affiliated companies include Riken, Ricoh, and Ricoh Elemex. [Masaru Udagawa] "Masatoshi Okochi, the Man and His Business" edited by the Okochi Memorial Association (1954, Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun) " "Research on the New Concern Riken" by Ken Saito (1987, Tokishiosha) [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
昭和初年に台頭した新興財閥の一つ。財団法人理化学研究所(1917設立)の3代目所長に就任した大河内正敏(おおこうちまさとし)が、研究所の発明・発見の工業化と、それを通じての研究資金の獲得を目的として1927年(昭和2)理化学興業を設立したのが発端。以後、理化学興業は大河内の「科学主義工業論」「いもづる式経営法」などのユニークな経営理念の下に理化学研究所の特許を次々に企業化し、最盛時には会社数62、工場121、その公称資本金総額1億5000万円の規模の企業集団を形成、新興財閥の一つに数えられた。だが、傘下企業数こそ多かったが、その一つ一つは小規模企業であり、しかも資金力が脆弱(ぜいじゃく)であったため、戦時統制の進展のなかでその支配権を日本興業銀行(現みずほ銀行、みずほコーポレート銀行)を中心とするシンジケート団に握られ、コンツェルンとしての実体を喪失した。現存する理研系企業としてはリケン、リコー、リコーエレメックスなどがある。 [宇田川勝] 『大河内記念会編『大河内正敏、人とその事業』(1954・日刊工業新聞社)』▽『斎藤憲著『新興コンツェルン理研の研究』(1987・時潮社)』 [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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