Rakuichirakuza - Rakuichirakuza

Japanese: 楽市･楽座 - らくいちらくざ

Urban and market policies from the Sengoku to Azuchi-Momoyama periods. Traditionally, the Rakuichi and Rakuza orders were issued by the Sengoku daimyo and Toyotomi government with the aim of unifying the economies of their territories and promoting the prosperity of castle towns as their centers, and it has been said that the Rakuichi policies were aimed at making castle towns tax-exempt and free trade areas, and the Rakuza policies were aimed at dismantling monopolistic commercial and industrial areas. However, it is now assumed that before the Rakuichi and Rakuza orders were issued by these authorities, Rakuichi markets, whose basic function was to "sever ties," had already been established in various regions, and this law has come to be seen as a way to utilize the functions of the Rakuichi market with the aim of promoting the prosperity of castle towns.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

戦国時代から安土桃山時代にかけての都市･市場政策。従来楽市･楽座令は，戦国大名および織豊政権が領国経済の統一，その中心としての城下町の繁栄を目的として発布したものであり，楽市は城下町を課税免除，自由交易の場とするために，楽座は独占的な商工業座の解体を目的とした政策であるとされてきた。しかし現在では，これらの権力の発布した楽市･楽座令の以前に，各地に〈縁切り〉を基本的性格とする楽市場なるものがすでに成立していたことが想定され，この法令は城下町の繁栄を目的とした楽市場の機能の利用と位置づけられるに至っている。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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