Transportation industry - Unsougyo

Japanese: 運送業 - うんそうぎょう

A business that transports passengers and cargo in exchange for fares or fees. It is also called the transportation industry. The main means of transportation are railroads, automobiles, ships, and aircraft. In Japan, railroad transportation is the second largest in passenger transportation after automobiles, but in cargo transportation, it no longer has the same energy efficiency as it once did when it was the main mode of land transportation. However, its energy efficiency in long-distance and large-volume transportation is once again being appreciated. Automobile transportation holds the most important position in Japan's transportation system, and is at the top in both the passenger and cargo sectors. Its advantage is that it can transport goods door-to-door, but on the other hand, it has problems such as pollution. Marine transportation is suitable for large-volume, standardized transportation, and is low-cost, but has poor maneuverability. Ships are essential for the transportation of huge amounts of goods to support Japan's economic growth. For this reason, measures are being taken to restore the competitiveness of Japanese ships. Air transportation is used for high-speed, long-distance transportation. Air transportation is growing rapidly due to the speed-up of social life, internationalization, and increased demand for leisure due to rising incomes, as well as the transportation of goods such as precision machinery, machine parts, and high-quality fruits and vegetables. Domestic freight transport volume in fiscal 1997 was 568.9 billion ton-kilometers, with 53.8% by truck, 41.7% by ship, 4.3% by rail, and 0.2% by air. Domestic passenger transport volume in fiscal 1997 was 1,418.5 billion passenger-kilometers, with 60% by car, 27.8% by rail, 6.6% by bus, 5.2% by air, and 0.4% by ship. →Transportation business

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

運賃または手数料を受けて旅客・貨物の運送を行う事業。運輸業ともいう。主な運送手段は，鉄道，自動車，船，航空機がある。日本の鉄道輸送は，旅客輸送の分野では自動車に次いで輸送量が多いが，貨物輸送の分野ではかつて陸上輸送の中心であった面影はない。しかし，長距離，大量輸送におけるエネルギー効率の良さが再び評価されている。自動車輸送は，日本の輸送体系の中で最も重要な地位にあり，旅客部門，貨物部門の両部門でトップに立っている。利点はドアトゥードアの輸送ができることにあるが，反面，公害などの問題もある。海運は，大量，定型輸送に適し，低コストだが機動性に劣る。日本の経済成長を支えるための膨大な物資輸送は，船舶が欠かせない。そのため邦船の競争力を回復する施策がとられている。航空輸送は，高速度，遠距離輸送に利用される。社会生活のスピードアップ，国際化，所得向上によるレジャー需要の増大，精密機械，機械部品，高級青果物などの物資の輸送で，航空輸送は急速に伸びている。1997年度国内貨物輸送量は5689億トンキロ，内訳はトラック53.8％，船舶41.7％，鉄道4.3％，航空0.2％。1997年度国内旅客輸送量は１兆4185億人キロ，内訳は乗用車60％，鉄道27.8％，バス6.6％，航空5.2％，船舶0.4％。→通運事業

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