Yoshida

Japanese: 吉田 - よしだ

A castle town in Mikawa Province and a post station on the Tokaido Road. It is part of what is now Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture. The area developed after the Sengoku period warlord Makino built Imabashi Castle, and in 1522 Makino Nobunari renamed Imabashi Castle Yoshida Castle. When Ikeda Terumasa was ordered by Toyotomi Hideyoshi to take over the area with a fief of over 150,000 koku, Yoshida Castle was expanded and improved, and full-scale construction of the castle town began, including flood control work on the Toyo River and the development of the townscape. The Yoshida Domain had a succession of Fudai Daimyo (feudal lords) until the mid-modern period, including Matsudaira (Takeya) Iekiyo, Matsudaira (Fukamizo) Tadatoshi, Mizuno Tadakiyo, Mizuno Tadayoshi, Ogasawara Tadachimo, Kuze Shigeyuki, Makino Shigeharu, Matsudaira (Okawachi) Nobuyuki, Matsudaira (Honjo) Sukekuni, and Matsudaira (Okawachi) Nobufuku. The domain's rice yield was 30,000-50,000 koku in the early days, and 70,000 koku after 1712. The domain school was Jishukan. The development of the castle town was almost completed during the reign of the Ogasawara clan. The castle town was backed by the Toyokawa River to the north, with the castle walls including the Honmaru and Ninomaru, and the samurai residences surrounded the castle on three sides, and the town area was spread out on the outside separated by a moat. The town area consisted of 12 Omotemachi wards facing the Tokaido and 12 Uramachi wards, collectively known as the 24 Yoshida wards. Around the time of the Jokyo period (1684-1688), there were a total of 999 houses, covering an area of 24 cho 14 ken. The areas were mainly around Fudagi-cho and Gofuku-cho, adjacent to the castle's main gate, and Fudagi-cho was home to honjin, wakihonjin and inns, making it a bustling area with traffic on the Tokaido and the highway (Ina Kaido) that linked the area to Shinshu. Funa-cho functioned as a water transport base (Yoshida Port) for Mikawa Bay and the Toyokawa River. Yoshida-juku has been a post station since the Tokaido was first established, and according to the "General Register of Post Towns and Villages," there were 5,277 people and 1,293 houses within the post station, including 2 honjin, 1 wakihonjin and 65 inns. There were also many blacksmiths within the post station, who made farm tools. In 1858, the total number of people travelling up and down the road was 9,070 goshuin laborers, 627 goshomon horses, 44,512 paid laborers, 17,133 paid horses, 9,680 paid horses, 12,161 non-paid laborers, and 44 non-paid horses. In 1869, the Yoshida Domain was renamed Toyohashi Domain, and the place name was changed to Toyohashi.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

三河国の城下町および東海道の宿駅。現在の愛知県豊橋(とよはし)市に属する。戦国期の武将牧野氏が今橋(いまはし)城を築いて以後発展し，1522年牧野信成が今橋城を改めて吉田城と称したという。豊臣秀吉の命によって池田輝政が15万石余で入ると，吉田城は拡張整備され，豊(とよ)川の治水工事，町並を整備するなどの本格的な城下建設に着手した。吉田藩は松平（竹谷）家清・松平（深溝）忠利・水野忠清・水野忠善・小笠原忠知・久世重之・牧野成春・松平（大河内）信祝・松平（本庄）資訓・松平（大河内）信復と，近世中期まで譜代大名(ふだいだいみょう)の交代があいつぎ，石高は初期は３万〜５万石，1712年以降は７万石であった。藩校は時習館。城下の整備は小笠原氏の代にほぼ完了した。城下は北の豊川を背にして本丸，二の丸などの城郭があり，城を三方から囲むかたちで侍屋敷，その外側に総堀を隔て町方が展開した。町方は東海道に面する表町12町と，裏町12町からなり，吉田24町と総称された。貞享（1684年−1688年）頃の総家数999軒，町行24町14間余。城の大手門に接する札木(ふだぎ)町・呉服(ごふく)町付近が中心で，札木町には本陣・脇本陣・旅籠が置かれ，東海道や信州と結ぶ街道（伊那街道）の往還で賑わった。船(ふな)町は三河湾や豊川の水運基地（吉田湊）としての機能を有した。吉田宿は東海道設定当初からの宿駅で，《宿村大概帳》によると宿内人別5277，家数1293，うち本陣２・脇本陣１・旅籠屋65。宿内には鍛冶師が多数おり，農具を製作していたという。1858年の通行は上り下り合計で御朱印人足9070人・御証文馬627匹・賃人足４万4512人・賃本馬１万7133匹・賃軽尻9680匹・無賃人足１万2161人・無賃馬44匹であった。1869年吉田藩は豊橋藩と改名され，地名も豊橋となった。

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