Metre (English spelling) French

Japanese: メートル - めーとる(英語表記)mètre フランス語
Metre (English spelling) French

A unit of length and base unit in the metric system and the International System of Units (SI). The symbol is m. The word originates from the Greek metron, meaning instrument or measure, or the Latin metrum, and was adopted by the French Republican government in 1793. At that time, it was decided that one meter was one ten-millionth of the length of the meridian that passes through Paris from the North Pole to the equator, and the first prototype was created based on a value calculated based on a field survey between Dunkirk and Barcelona. Later, at an international conference in 1872, it was decided that the meter should be based on this prototype, and based on this, the international meter prototype, secondary prototypes, and national prototypes were created in 1889, and the meter was defined based on this international meter prototype. In 1960, this was changed to 1,650,763.73 times the wavelength of the orange light of krypton-86. Later, with the development of laser technology and frequency measurement technology, the General Conference on Weights and Measures changed the definition of 1 meter to the length that light travels in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second. Many stabilized laser wavelengths and frequencies have been recommended as a way to actually realize this definition.

[Koizumi Kesakatsu and Imai Hidetaka]

[Reference item] | International System of Units | Meter prototype | Metric system

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

メートル法および国際単位系(SI)の長さの単位で、また基本単位。記号はm。語源は、計器または計ることを意味するギリシア語のmetron、またはラテン語のmetrumで、1793年フランス共和国政府によって採用された。このとき1メートルは、パリを通過する子午線の北極から赤道までの長さの1000万分の1とすることと決定され、ダンケルクとバルセロナ間の実地測量に基づいて算出された値により、最初の原器がつくられた。その後1872年の国際会議で、メートルはこの原器を基礎とすることが決定され、これに基づいて1889年に国際メートル原器と副原器および各国原器がつくられ、メートルはこの国際メートル原器によって定義された。1960年にはこれがクリプトン86のオレンジ色の光の波長の1650763.73倍と変更された。その後レーザー技術や周波数測定技術の発達により、1983年の国際度量衡総会において、1メートルは、光が真空中を299792458分の1秒間に進行する長さ、と変更された。実際にこの定義を現示する方法として、多くの安定化レーザーの波長と周波数が勧告されている。

[小泉袈裟勝・今井秀孝]

[参照項目] | 国際単位系 | メートル原器 | メートル法

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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