Pions and the muons produced in their decay process are used for research and practical applications in a wide range of fields, from elementary particle physics and nuclear physics to materials science, biology, and medicine. For this purpose, facilities that generate high-intensity pion and muon beams are called meson factories. The core of the facility is a high-intensity proton accelerator of several hundred MeV, and pions are generated by irradiating a nuclear target with a high-intensity proton beam. Currently, meson factories are in operation in the United States, Canada, and Switzerland, and in Japan, a facility that generates pulsed high-intensity meson beams, the instantaneous intensity of which exceeds that of these meson factories, is in operation at the National Institute for High Energy Physics in Tsukuba. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
π中間子とその崩壊過程で生ずるμ粒子は素粒子物理学,原子核物理学ばかりでなく,物質科学から生物,医学に及ぶ広い範囲にわたって研究や実用に用いられている。その目的のために,大強度のπ中間子ビームおよびμ粒子ビームを発生する施設をメソンファクトリー,すなわち中間子工場と呼んでいる。施設の中心は数百MeVの大強度陽子加速器で,π中間子は大強度の陽子ビームを原子核標的に照射することによって発生される。現在,世界ではアメリカ,カナダ,スイスで,メソンファクトリーが稼動しており,日本でも,筑波の高エネルギー物理学研究所に,瞬時強度ではこれらのメソンファクトリーをしのぐパルス状大強度中間子ビームを発生する施設が稼動している。
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