Golda Meir

Israeli female politician. Born in Kiev, Russia, she emigrated to the United States in 1906. After graduating from Milwaukee Normal School, she emigrated to Palestine in 1921 and worked as an agricultural worker on a kibbutz until 1924. She was active in the Histadrut (General Federation of Labor) and the Mapai Party, and served as political director of the Jewish Agency from 1946 until independence in 1948. After independence, she served as the first ambassador to the Soviet Union from 1948 to 1949. In 1949, she was elected to parliament as a Mapai Party member, and served as Minister of Labor from 1949 to 1956 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1956 to 1966. In 1965, she was Secretary-General of the Mapai Party. She played an important role in the formation of the Labor Party by the unification of the three parties in 1968, and was appointed Secretary-General of the new party. Following the death of Prime Minister Eshkol, she became Prime Minister in March 1969 and formed a national unity cabinet, but resigned in April 1974, taking responsibility for the Fourth Arab-Israeli War. Her autobiography is My Life: The Autobiography of Golda Meir.

[Taketsugu Ino]

"Golda Meir Memoirs" translated by Hiroko Hayashi (1980, Hyoronsha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

イスラエルの女性政治家。ロシアのキエフに生まれ、1906年アメリカに移住。ミルウォーキー師範学校卒業後、1921年パレスチナに移住し、1924年までキブツで農業労働に従事。ヒスタドルート（労働総同盟）やマパイ党で活躍し、1946年から1948年の独立までユダヤ機関政治部長を務める。独立後1948～1949年初代駐ソ大使。1949年マパイ党から国会議員に当選し、1949～1956年労相、1956～1966年外相。1965年マパイ党書記長。1968年三党統一による労働党の結成にあたっては重要な役割を果たし、新党の書記長に就任。エシュコル首相の死により1969年3月首相となり挙国一致内閣を形成するが、第四次中東戦争の責任をとって1974年4月辞任した。自伝『私の生涯』My Life : The Autobiography of Golda Meirがある。

［伊能武次］

『林弘子訳『ゴルダ・メイア回想録』（1980・評論社）』

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