Privately owned forests - Minyuurin

Japanese: 民有林 - みんゆうりん
Privately owned forests - Minyuurin

A general term for forests other than national forests, including forests owned by local governments and private forests. Historically, it was an administrative term used in the forestry operation promotion regulations established in the 1939 (Showa 14) amendment to the Forest Law. This amendment to the Forest Law established the forestry operation promotion regulations and institutionalized "forced logging" for wartime timber procurement. This system excluded Imperial forests under the jurisdiction of the Imperial Forestry Bureau of the Ministry of the Household and national forests, and made public and private forests the subject of wartime forced logging. The term "private forest" was created to lumber public and private forests together, and a private forest operation plan (planting plan) was compiled for wartime forced logging. The term "private forest" was clearly stated in the Forest Law and used in forestry administration in general with the amendment of the Forest Law in 1951 (Showa 26). Article 2 of the revised Forest Law defines private forests as forests other than national forests. The legal treatment of public and private forests as privately owned forests is unique to Japan. Internationally, private forests are often treated as separate entities, and public and national forests are often referred to as a single entity, and there is no term for privately owned forests in English or French. As of 2007, the total area of ​​privately owned forests in Japan was 17.41 million hectares, consisting of 2.83 million hectares of public forests and 14.54 million hectares of private forests, accounting for 69% of the total forest area.

[Yamagishi Kiyotaka]

[Reference items] | Public forest | National forest | Private forest

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

地方自治体の所有林と私有林を含めた森林で、国有林以外の森林の総称。歴史的には、1939年(昭和14)の森林法の改正で設けられた施業奨励規則のなかで使用された行政用語である。この森林法の改正では、施業奨励規則を設けて戦時木材調達のための「強制伐採」を制度化した。この制度では、宮内省帝室林野局所轄の御料林と国有林を対象外とし、公有林と私有林を対象に戦時強制伐採を行うものとした。そこでは、公有林と私有林を一括するために民有林という用語を設定し、戦時強制伐採を行うための民有林施業案(植伐計画)の編成を行った。民有林という用語が森林法の条文に明記され、林業行政全般に使用されるのは、1951年(昭和26)に行われた森林法の改正によってである。改正森林法は、第2条で民有林を国有林以外の森林と定義している。公有林と私有林を一体にした民有林という法律的な取扱いは、日本特有のものである。国際的には私有林を別建てとし、公有林と国有林を一体的に表示するケースが多く、英語やフランス語には民有林という用語はない。2007年(平成19)時点の日本の民有林面積は、公有林283万ヘクタール、私有林1454万ヘクタールのあわせて1741万ヘクタール、全森林面積の69%を占める。

[山岸清隆]

[参照項目] | 公有林 | 国有林 | 私有林

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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