Kiyoyuki Miyoshi

A literary official in the early Heian period. Son of Miyoshi Ujiyoshi, he was also known as Lord Zensho. He can also be read as "Kiyotsura", but the correct reading is "Kiyoyuki". He became a Monjosho in 873 (Jogan 15), and the following year became a Tokugyo student. In 881 (Gangei 5), he took the strategy exam but failed. The examiner at that time was Sugawara no Michizane, and there is a theory that this is the reason why Kiyoyuki often took a different stance from Michizane thereafter, but it is not clear. Two years later, at the age of 37, he passed the exam and became Daigaku Shojo. In 886 (Ninna 2), he became Shonaiki, and the following year he became Dainaiki with the rank of Jugoi (Ju Fifth Rank). In the Ako Dispute that began in the same year, he sided with Fujiwara no Sukeyo and others, and opposed Sugawara no Michizane, who was representing Tachibana no Hiromi. In 893 (Kanpei 5), he became Bitchu no Suke, where he first learned about the realities of local society and the living principles of politics. This experience was later strongly reflected in the Twelve Articles of Opinion Envelope of 914 (Engi 14).

In 900 (the 3rd year of Shotai), he became the Minister of Justice and Doctor of Literature, and encouraged the Minister of the Right, Sugawara no Michizane, to resign from his position. He then submitted a proposal for the Shinyu Revolution the following year, and in 901, after Michizane was demoted, he submitted a report on the Shinyu Revolution and the era name was changed to Engi. He then became the head of the University and participated in the compilation of the Engishiki, but was not particularly active in his later years. In 917, at the age of 71, he became a councilor and Minister of the Imperial Household. His works include "The Biography of Priest Enchin," "The Biography of Fujiwara no Yasunori," "The Secret Records of Zenka," and a collection of poems called "Zenkashu" (one volume, lost).

[Muneyoshi Sato]

"Tokoro Isao's "Miyoshi Kiyoyuki" (1962, Yoshikawa Kobunkan)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安前期の文人官僚。三善氏吉(うじよし)の子で、善相(ぜんしょう)公とも称される。また「きよつら」という訓もあるが、正しくは「きよゆき」。873年（貞観15）に文章生(もんじょうしょう)となり、翌年得業生となり、881年（元慶5）に方略試を受けるが不合格となる。このときの問者が菅原道真(すがわらのみちざね)で、以後清行が道真と立場を異にすることが多いのは、これに起因するとみる説もあるが明らかではない。2年後に37歳で対策に及第し、大学少允(しょうじょう)となる。886年（仁和2）少内記、翌年には従(じゅ)五位下(げ)大内記となる。この年に始まる阿衡(あこう)紛議では藤原佐世(すけよ)らの意見にくみし、橘広相(たちばなのひろみ)を弁ずる菅原道真に対する。893年（寛平5）に備中介(びっちゅうのすけ)となり、初めて地方社会の実情を知り、また政治の生きた理念を学ぶ。この経験はのち914年（延喜14）の意見封事十二箇条に強く反映される。

　900年（昌泰3）に刑部大輔(ぎょうぶたいふ)、文章博士となり、右大臣菅原道真に辞職を勧め、ついで明年辛酉(しんゆう)革命の議を上奏し、翌901年に道真左遷後、辛酉革命の勘文(かんもん)を上奏し、延喜(えんぎ)と改元された。ついで大学頭(だいがくのかみ)となり、延喜格式(きゃくしき)の編纂(へんさん)にも参画したが、晩年はとくに目だった活動はなく、917年に71歳で参議・宮内卿(くないきょう)となった。著作には『円珍和尚(えんちんかしょう)伝』『藤原保則(やすのり)伝』『善家秘記』などがあり、歌集として『善家集』（一巻・佚(いつ)）があった。

［佐藤宗諄］

『所功著『三善清行』（1962・吉川弘文館）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例