Mule spinning machine - Mule Seibouki (English name) spinning mule

Japanese: ミュール精紡機 - ミュールせいぼうき(英語表記)spinning mule
Mule spinning machine - Mule Seibouki (English name) spinning mule
A spinning frame used mainly for woolen spinning. It is also called a mule spinning frame. It was invented in 1779 by the British inventor Samuel Crompton. One weaver could operate more than 1,000 spindles at the same time, making it possible to produce high-quality yarn on a large scale for the textile industry. A mule is a hybrid of a male donkey and a female horse, and it is thought to have been named after the fact that it combined the advantages of the water-powered spinning frame invented by Richard Arkwright and the spinning jenny invented by James Hargreaves. Unlike the ring spinning frame invented in 1830, which twists and winds the fiber bundle continuously, the fiber bundle is twisted into yarn by the tip of a spindle that rotates backwards, and then the spindle is rotated forwards and the yarn is wound onto a tube on the spindle. (→Industrial Revolution, spinning industry)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
おもに紡毛紡績に使用される精紡機。ミュール紡績機とも呼ばれる。1779年イギリスの発明家サミュエル・クロンプトンが発明した。一人の織工が同時に 1000以上の紡錘(→スピンドル)を稼働させることができ,織物工業向けの高品質な糸の大規模生産を可能にした。ミュールとは雄ロバと雌ウマの種間雑種(→雑種)であるラバの意で,リチャード・アークライトが発明した水力紡績機と,ジェームズ・ハーグリーブズが発明したジェニー紡績機の長所を取り入れたものであることから,この名がつけられたとみられる。1830年に発明されたリング精紡機のように繊維束の加撚と巻き取りを連続的に行なうのでなく,送り出された繊維束を,後退しながら回転するスピンドルの先端によって加撚して糸とし,次いでスピンドルを前進させながら回転させ,スピンドル上の管に糸を巻き取る。(→産業革命,紡績工業)

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