A term used in Japanese literature, performing arts, and music. It is a form of poetry that describes the journey of a person from travel to a certain destination, with a succession of place names and distinctive landscapes. It can be seen as early as the Kojiki and Nihon shoki songs and the Manyoshu. In words, the form of "Kaido Kudari" found in the Tale of the Heike and the Taiheiki became the standard for later generations. The famous Kusemai dances Togoku Kudari and Saigoku Kudari are famous. In the field of performing arts, the name "michiyuki" and the special music and performances that accompany it are widely found in gigaku, bugaku, ennen, noh, kyogen, and folk performing arts. In noh, it describes the journey of the waki from travel to the destination, and is an important part of the opening act. The michiyuki form can be seen in sekkyobushi and kojoruri, but when Chikamatsu Monzaemon created michiyuki in sewajoruri, there was a strong tendency to express the feelings of the travelling characters. After "Sonezaki Shinju," the love suicide of a man and a woman was combined with michiyuki, and beautiful, sorrowful, and poignant lyrics were created that mixed landscape and lyricism. In puppet theater, there is always one scene of a michiyuki, and it is performed spectacularly with the accompaniment of several shamisen. In principle, in joruri, michiyuki is placed in the opening of the fourth act of a five-act period piece, and in the lower volume of a three-volume sewamono story. In kabuki dance, in addition to the michiyuki of gidayu-mono, there are many michiyuki based on joruri of the Bungo-bushi school, such as kiyomoto and tokiwazu, which form a genre called "michiyukimono." In addition to michiyuki for double suicide, there are also michiyuki of love between men and women that do not assume death, and michiyuki between parents and children, or between master and servant, and the number of people is not limited to two, and in rare cases, there are ones with one or more than three people. Representative examples of Doyuki dance include the Gidayu-bushi "Doyuki Hatsune no Tabi" (Yoshinoyama), "Doyuki Tabiji no Bride" (Act 8), "Doyuki Koi no Odamaki" (Omiwa), "Doyuki Natane no Midarezaki" (Azuma Yojibei), and the Bungo-bushi "Yoshinoyama Doyuki" (Tomimoto, Kiyomoto, etc.), "Doyuki Tabiji no Hanamuko" (Ochiudo) (Kiyomoto), and "Doyuki Ukine no Tomoridori" (Osome) (Kiyomoto). [Yukio Hattori] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
日本の文学・芸能・音楽における用語。人が旅をして、ある目的地に着くまでの道程を、次々と地名と特色のある風景を詠み込んで表現する形式で、早く記紀歌謡や『万葉集』にもみえる。語物では『平家物語』や『太平記』にある「海道下(かいどうくだ)り」の形式が後世の規範になった。曲舞(くせまい)の『東国下(とうごくくだ)り』『西国下(さいごくくだ)り』が有名。芸能の分野では、伎楽(ぎがく)、舞楽(ぶがく)、延年(えんねん)、能、狂言、民俗芸能などに広く「道行」の名称と、それに伴う特殊な音楽や演技がある。能では、ワキが旅をして目的地に着くまでの道中を表現し、序段における重要な部分になっている。説経節や古浄瑠璃(こじょうるり)にも道行の形式はみられるが、とくに近松門左衛門によって世話浄瑠璃の道行が創造されると、旅する人物の心情を描く傾向が強く表現されるようになる。『曽根崎(そねざき)心中』以後、男女の心中行と道行とが結び付き、叙景と叙情との混然とした、哀艶(あいえん)切々たる美しい詞章が生みだされた。 人形浄瑠璃では一作中にかならず道行の一場を設定し、数挺(ちょう)の三味線を伴奏に、華やかに演じられる。浄瑠璃の道行は原則として、時代物の場合は五段構成のうちの四段目の口(くち)、世話物の場合は三巻構成のうちの下の巻に置かれた。歌舞伎(かぶき)舞踊では、義太夫(ぎだゆう)物の道行のほかに、清元(きよもと)、常磐津(ときわず)など豊後節(ぶんごぶし)系統の浄瑠璃を地とする道行が多数つくられ、「道行物」と名づける一ジャンルを形づくっている。道行には、心中のための道行のほか、死を前提としない男女の恋の道行、親子・主従による道行などもあり、人数も2人とは限らず、まれにではあるが1人あるいは3人以上によるものもつくられている。道行舞踊の代表的なものは、義太夫節の『道行初音旅(はつねのたび)』(吉野山)、『道行旅路の嫁入』(八段目)、『道行恋苧環(こいのおだまき)』(お三輪(みわ))、『道行菜種(なたね)の乱咲(みだれざき)』(吾妻与次兵衛(あづまよじべえ))など、豊後節系で『吉野山道行』(富本(とみもと)・清元など)、『道行旅路の花聟(はなむこ)(落人(おちうど))』(清元)、『道行浮塒鴎(うきねのともどり)(お染(そめ))』(清元)など。 [服部幸雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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