Benefits of an action - Benefits of an action

Japanese: 訴えの利益 - うったえのりえき

In civil litigation and administrative litigation, the requirements for the necessity and appropriateness of the court to judge the appropriateness of the content of the claim sought by the parties. In order for the litigation system to be used appropriately and efficiently, it is necessary that the content of the claim is suitable for resolution in litigation, that there is a real need for resolution, and that the litigation is being brought by the appropriate parties (standing to be a party). For example, in administrative litigation, the general public is not recognized as having standing to sue for the cancellation of the illegal exercise of public power, and in principle, it has been limited to those who have a legal interest in canceling the act, but following the amendment of the Administrative Litigation Act in 2004, there has been a trend toward interpreting this more broadly. When such a lawsuit that lacks standing to sue is filed, the court will not enter into a substantive hearing on the content of the claim and the lawsuit will be dismissed (a dismissal judgment). In administrative litigation, the part excluding the issue of disposition and standing to sue is often referred to as standing to sue in a narrow sense.

(Shinichi Doi, Professor at Kyoto University Graduate School / 2007)

Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo

Japanese:

民事訴訟や行政事件訴訟において、当事者が求める請求の内容の適否を裁判所が判断する必要性・適切性に関する要件。訴訟制度が適切かつ効率的に利用されるためには、請求の内容が訴訟において解決されるにふさわしいものであって、現実に解決の必要性があること、及び訴訟が適切な当事者によって行われていること(当事者適格)等が必要である。例えば、行政事件訴訟においては、違法な公権力の行使の取り消しを求めて訴訟を提起する原告適格を国民一般に認めているわけはなく、原則として、その行為を取り消すにつき法律上の利益を有する者に限られてきたが、2004年の行政事件訴訟法の改正を受けて、これを広く解する流れが生じてきている。このような訴えの利益を欠く訴えが提起された場合には、裁判所は請求の内容について実質的な審理に入らず、訴えは却下される(門前払い判決)。なお、行政事件訴訟においては、処分性や原告適格の問題を除いた部分について、狭い意味で訴えの利益といわれる場合が多い。

(土井真一京都大学大学院教授／ 2007年)

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