It may refer to aquatic fungi in general, but in the narrow sense it refers to the fungi of the genus Saprolegnia in the order Saprolegnia of the order Oomycetes. Some Saprolegnia fungi parasitize fish eggs, but most spread their rhizoids in the remains of animals and plants in water, and their mycelium extends into the surrounding water. The mycelium is tubular, and partitions form zoosporangia, antheridia, and oophores containing one or several eggs. Zoospores are dimorphic and show dimorphism. The primary zoospores emerging from the zoosporangia are pear-shaped with a pair of tail-shaped and feather-shaped flagella at the front end, and the secondary zoospores that germinate are kidney-shaped with a pair of flagella on the concave side. The feather-shaped flagella face forward, and the tail-shaped flagella face backward. When these germinate, they produce mycelium or zoospores of the same shape. [Hironori Terakawa] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
水生菌類一般をいうこともあるが、狭い意味では卵菌類ミズカビ目のミズカビ属Saprolegniaの菌をいう。ミズカビ属の菌には、魚卵などに寄生するものもあるが、多くは水中にある動植物遺体中に仮根を張り、周りの水中に菌糸体が伸びる。菌糸体は管状で、これに仕切りができて遊走子嚢(のう)・造精器、1ないし数個の卵をもつ生卵器が形成される。遊走子には2回遊泳性と二形性がみられる。遊走子嚢から出た一次遊走子は洋ナシ形で、前端に尾型と羽型の1組の鞭毛(べんもう)があり、これが発芽して生じた二次遊走子は腎臓(じんぞう)形で、くぼんだ側面に1組の鞭毛がある。羽型鞭毛は前向き、尾型鞭毛は後ろ向きである。これが発芽すると、菌糸または同形の遊走子を生ずる。 [寺川博典] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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