Manchuria and Mongolia Development - Manmoukaitaku

Japanese: 満蒙開拓 - まんもうかいたく

Following the Manchurian Incident and up until Japan's defeat in the Second Sino-Japanese War, the policy of Japanese agricultural immigration was implemented in northeastern China. The area was generally called Manchuria, but in Japan, together with the neighboring Inner Mongolia (Mongolia) region, it was collectively called Manmō, and since the Russo-Japanese War, it has been recognized as an area of special interest to Japan. Several attempts were made by the Kanto Governor-General and the South Manchuria Railway to migrate farmers, but all ended in failure, and it was only after the Manchurian Incident that it became fully operational. Following active suggestions from Tomiya Tetsuo, attached to the Kwantung Army Headquarters, Ishiwara Kanji, a staff officer of the same army, Kato Kanji, an agricultural educator, and Ishiguro Tadaatsu, Vice Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, trial immigration was initiated by the Kwantung Army and the Ministry of Colonization from 1932, and lasted for four years.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

満州事変以後，日中戦争敗戦にいたるまで，中国東北地方に行われた日本人の農業移民政策。同地は一般に満州と呼ばれたが，日本では隣接の内モンゴル(蒙古)地方とあわせて〈満蒙〉と総称，日露戦争以来日本の特殊権益地域と自認していた。農民の移住も関東都督府や満鉄の手で何度か試みられたがいずれも失敗に終わり，本格化するのは満州事変以後である。関東軍司令部付東宮鉄男（とうみやかねお），同軍参謀石原莞爾（かんじ），農業教育家加藤完治，農林次官石黒忠篤らの積極的な建議で，まず1932年から関東軍と拓務省の主導による試験移民が4年間にわたって入植した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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