The word comes from the Arabic word murābiṭ, and refers to monks who lived in ribats in the Maghreb. The ribats, which began to be built in the late 8th century in the coastal areas of Tunisia, such as Monastir and Sousse, were military fortresses for jihad (holy war) against Christians, as well as bases for faith and missionary work. As Islam spread, ribats began to be built inland around the 11th century, but their role became more religious than military. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
アラビア語のムラービトmurābiṭに由来する言葉で,マグリブにおいてリバートに住む修道士を指す。8世紀末から,モナスティールやスースなどチュニジアの海岸地域に建設され始めたリバートは,キリスト教徒に対するジハード(聖戦)のための軍事的要塞であるとともに,信仰と布教の拠点でもあった。イスラムの浸透に伴い,11世紀ころになると,リバートは内陸部にも建てられるようになったが,その役割は軍事的というよりも,宗教的性格を強めていった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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