Typhoon No. 16, which caused wind and flood damage from Kyushu to Kanto on September 17-18, 1945 (Showa 20), made landfall near Makurazaki, Kagoshima Prefecture, just after 2 p.m. on the 17th, then moved northeastward, passing Hiroshima and exiting the Sea of Japan. The typhoon's name comes from the name of the place where it made landfall, Makurazaki. The typhoon's scale was comparable to that of the First Muroto Typhoon in 1934 (Showa 9), with a minimum pressure of 916.6 hectopascals recorded in Makurazaki. Kyushu, Shikoku, and Chugoku regions were hit by heavy rains, storm surges in the Seto Inland Sea, and mountain tsunamis in Hiroshima and Yamaguchi prefectures, causing great damage. The number of deaths and missing nationwide was 3,756, and the damage was so great that it was due to the typhoon's extreme strength, the fact that the topsoil was moist from rain before the typhoon's arrival, as well as the devastation of the country during World War II and the decline in disaster prevention capabilities in the chaos that followed the war. Particularly hard hit was Hiroshima Prefecture, shortly after the atomic bomb was dropped, with landslides and mudslides on steep slopes and river levees collapsing and surviving, resulting in 2,012 dead and missing - more than the entire Kyushu region where the typhoon made landfall. [Yo Narumura] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
1945年(昭和20)9月17~18日に九州から関東の各地に風水害をもたらした台風第16号。17日14時過ぎに鹿児島県枕崎付近へ上陸し、さらに北東進して広島付近を経て日本海へ抜けた。台風の名称は上陸した枕崎という地名からきている。枕崎では最低気圧916.6ヘクトパスカルを観測するなど台風の規模は1934年(昭和9)の第一室戸(むろと)台風に匹敵する。九州・四国・中国地方は暴風雨となり、瀬戸内海では高潮が、また広島・山口両県内では山津波が発生して大きな被害が出た。全国の死者・行方不明者数が3756人と大きな被害となったのは、台風が非常に強かったこと、台風来襲前からの雨で表土層が水分を含んでいたことに加えて、第二次世界大戦中の国土の荒廃と戦後の混乱のなかでの防災機能の低下があげられる。とくに被害が大きかった県は原爆投下後まもない広島県で、急斜面での山崩れや土石流、河川の堤防の決壊・流出が相次ぎ死者・行方不明者2012人と台風の上陸した九州全体より多かった。 [饒村 曜] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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