Born: February 10, 1894, London [Died] December 29, 1986. British politician from Sussex. Full name Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton. Graduated from Balliol College, Oxford. After serving in the First World War, he was Lieutenant to the Governor-General of Canada from 1919 to 1920. He was a Conservative Member of Parliament from 1924 to 1929 and from 1931 to 1964. During this time he was a critical voice within the Conservative Party, criticising Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain's appeasement diplomacy. In Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill's wartime cabinet, he was Parliamentary Under-Secretary for Supply from 1940 to 1942, Parliamentary Under-Secretary for the Colonies in 1942, Minister for the Air Force in 1945, and Minister for Housing and Local Government from 1951 to 1954, during which he achieved the construction of 300,000 public housing units. He was Minister for Defence from 1954 to 1955, Minister for Foreign Affairs in 1955, and Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1955 to 1957. In January 1957, he succeeded Robert Anthony Eden as Prime Minister, and worked to strengthen Anglo-American relations, ease the East-West conflict, and resolve the pound crisis. In 1962, he signed the Nassau Agreement with U.S. President John F. Kennedy, which abandoned the development of the Skybolt missile. After the failure of negotiations to join the European Economic Community (EEC) and the Profumo Affair, he resigned as Prime Minister in October 1963 due to ill health. In 1964, he became chairman of Macmillan Publishing, which had been founded by his grandfather. In 1984, he was awarded the title of Earl. MacMillan |
[生]1894.2.10. ロンドン [没]1986.12.29. サセックス イギリスの政治家。フルネーム Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton。オックスフォード大学ベーリオール・カレッジ卒業。第1次世界大戦に従軍したのち,1919~20年カナダ総督付副官。1924~29,1931~64年保守党下院議員。その間,ネビル・チェンバレン首相の宥和外交を非難するなど保守党内の批判勢力として活躍。1940~42年ウィンストン・レナード・スペンサー・チャーチル戦時内閣で供給省政務次官,1942年植民地省政務次官,1945年空軍大臣,1951~54年住宅・地方行政大臣として 30万戸の公営住宅建設を達成。1954~55年国防大臣,1955年外務大臣,1955~57年大蔵大臣。1957年1月,ロバート・アンソニー・イーデンの跡を継ぎ首相となり,英米関係の強化,東西対立の緩和,ポンド危機の解消などに努力した。1962年スカイボルト・ミサイル開発を断念したナッソー協定をアメリカ合衆国のジョン・F.ケネディ大統領と締結。ヨーロッパ経済共同体 EEC加盟交渉の失敗,プロフューモ事件などのあと,1963年10月病気を理由に首相辞任。1964年祖父が設立したマクミラン出版社の会長に就任。1984年伯爵位が贈られた。 マクミラン
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