Macmillan, Harold

Japanese: マクミラン(英語表記)Macmillan, Harold
Macmillan, Harold
Born: February 10, 1894, London
[Died] December 29, 1986. British politician from Sussex. Full name Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton. Graduated from Balliol College, Oxford. After serving in the First World War, he was Lieutenant to the Governor-General of Canada from 1919 to 1920. He was a Conservative Member of Parliament from 1924 to 1929 and from 1931 to 1964. During this time he was a critical voice within the Conservative Party, criticising Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain's appeasement diplomacy. In Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill's wartime cabinet, he was Parliamentary Under-Secretary for Supply from 1940 to 1942, Parliamentary Under-Secretary for the Colonies in 1942, Minister for the Air Force in 1945, and Minister for Housing and Local Government from 1951 to 1954, during which he achieved the construction of 300,000 public housing units. He was Minister for Defence from 1954 to 1955, Minister for Foreign Affairs in 1955, and Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1955 to 1957. In January 1957, he succeeded Robert Anthony Eden as Prime Minister, and worked to strengthen Anglo-American relations, ease the East-West conflict, and resolve the pound crisis. In 1962, he signed the Nassau Agreement with U.S. President John F. Kennedy, which abandoned the development of the Skybolt missile. After the failure of negotiations to join the European Economic Community (EEC) and the Profumo Affair, he resigned as Prime Minister in October 1963 due to ill health. In 1964, he became chairman of Macmillan Publishing, which had been founded by his grandfather. In 1984, he was awarded the title of Earl.

MacMillan
MacMillan, Sir Kenneth

Born: December 11, 1929, Dunfermline
[Died] October 29, 1992, London British dancer and choreographer. In 1948, he joined Sadler's Wells Ballet and was active as a dancer. He started choreography around 1953, and choreographed works such as "Sleepwalk" (1953), "The Invitation" (60), "The Rite of Spring" (62), "Romeo and Juliet" (65), "Manon" (74), and "Isadora" (81), mainly for the Royal Ballet. Many of his works were tragic, dealing with history and religious music. He provided works for the American Ballet Theatre and the Royal Danish Ballet, and was a full-time choreographer at the Berlin Opera. In 1970, he became the artistic director of the Royal Ballet. He also worked for the American Ballet Theatre from 1984, but died suddenly of a heart attack during a Royal Ballet performance in 1992.

MacMillan
McMillan, Edwin Mattison

Born: September 18, 1907 in Redondo Beach, California
[Died] September 7, 1991, El Cerrito, California. American physicist. After graduating from California Institute of Technology and earning a degree from Princeton University, he worked at the University of California (1932) and was a professor there (1946). He was director of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (1958). During World War II, he collaborated in radar and sonar research and the development of the atomic bomb. In 1936, he discovered the carbon-14 ( 14 C) nucleus, and in 1940, he discovered the first transuranium element, neptunium, with P. Abelson. In 1945, he discovered the principle of the synchrotron, paving the way for high-energy particle acceleration. In 1951, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with G. T. Seaborg.

MacMillan
McMillan, Margaret

Born: July 20, 1860.
[Died] March 29, 1931. Harlow. British female educator. Devoted herself to the nursery school movement and contributed to the development of early childhood education. After graduating from Inverness High School, she worked in social reform. After being elected as a member of the Bradford Board of Education in 1894, she turned her attention to school children, and in 1899 she realized the first medical examination for school children in Britain. In 1902, she opened an after-school clinic in London with her sister Rachel, and in 1910, she ran a successful clinic in Deptford. She also founded a camp school for boys and girls, and a nursery school for children under the age of five. She also established Rachel Macmillan College to train nursery school teachers.

MacMillan
MacMillan, Donald Baxter

Born November 10, 1874 in Provincetown, Massachusetts.
[Died] September 7, 1970, Provincetown, Massachusetts. American Arctic explorer. After participating in several Arctic expeditions, he organized his first expedition in 1913. In 1918, he became a professor of anthropology at Bowdoin College. He explored the Arctic almost every year until 1928, and in 1926, R. Byrd reached the North Pole by plane. In 1944, he led surveys of various parts of the Arctic by plane.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1894.2.10. ロンドン
[没]1986.12.29. サセックス
イギリスの政治家。フルネーム Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton。オックスフォード大学ベーリオール・カレッジ卒業。第1次世界大戦に従軍したのち,1919~20年カナダ総督付副官。1924~29,1931~64年保守党下院議員。その間,ネビル・チェンバレン首相の宥和外交を非難するなど保守党内の批判勢力として活躍。1940~42年ウィンストン・レナード・スペンサー・チャーチル戦時内閣で供給省政務次官,1942年植民地省政務次官,1945年空軍大臣,1951~54年住宅・地方行政大臣として 30万戸の公営住宅建設を達成。1954~55年国防大臣,1955年外務大臣,1955~57年大蔵大臣。1957年1月,ロバート・アンソニー・イーデンの跡を継ぎ首相となり,英米関係の強化,東西対立の緩和,ポンド危機の解消などに努力した。1962年スカイボルト・ミサイル開発を断念したナッソー協定をアメリカ合衆国のジョン・F.ケネディ大統領と締結。ヨーロッパ経済共同体 EEC加盟交渉の失敗,プロフューモ事件などのあと,1963年10月病気を理由に首相辞任。1964年祖父が設立したマクミラン出版社の会長に就任。1984年伯爵位が贈られた。

マクミラン
MacMillan, Sir Kenneth

[生]1929.12.11. ダンファームリン
[没]1992.10.29. ロンドン
イギリスの舞踊家,振付師。 1948年サドラーズ・ウェルズ・バレエ団に入り,ダンサーとして活躍。 53年頃から振付を始め,『夢遊病』 (1953) ,『招待』 (60) ,『春の祭典』 (62) ,『ロミオとジュリエット』 (65) ,『マノン』 (74) ,『イサドラ』 (81) などをおもにロイヤル・バレエ団のために振付けた。歴史や宗教音楽を扱った悲劇的な作品が多い。アメリカン・バレエ・シアター,デンマーク王立バレエ団に作品を提供し,ベルリン・オペラ座の専任振付師を経て,70年からロイヤル・バレエ団の芸術監督。 84年からアメリカン・バレエ・シアターでも活動したが,92年ロイヤル・バレエの公演中に心臓発作のため急逝した。

マクミラン
McMillan, Edwin Mattison

[生]1907.9.18. カリフォルニア,レドンドビーチ
[没]1991.9.7. カリフォルニア,エルセリト
アメリカの物理学者。カリフォルニア工科大学を卒業,プリンストン大学で学位を取ったのち,カリフォルニア大学に勤務 (1932) ,同大学教授 (1946) 。ローレンス放射線研究所所長 (1958) 。第2次世界大戦中はレーダやソナーの研究,原爆開発にも協力。 1936年炭素 14 ( 14C ) 核,1940年最初の超ウラン元素ネプツニウムを P.エーベルソンと共同で発見。 1945年シンクロトロンの原理を発見,高エネルギー粒子加速への道を開いた。 1951年 G.T.シーボーグとともにノーベル化学賞受賞。

マクミラン
McMillan, Margaret

[生]1860.7.20.
[没]1931.3.29. ハーロー
イギリスの女流教育家。保育学校運動に献身し幼児教育の発達に貢献した。インバネス・ハイスクールを卒業後社会改良の仕事に従事。 1894年にブラッドフォードの教育委員に選ばれてから学童に関心を向け,99年イギリスで初めての学童健康診断を実現させた。 1902年ロンドンで姉のレーチェルと学童クリニックを開き,10年からはデプトフォードでクリニックを運営して成功を収めた。また少年少女のキャンプスクール,五歳児以下の児童のための保育学校も創設した。さらに保育学校の教師養成のためレーチェル・マクミラン・カレッジを設けた。

マクミラン
MacMillan, Donald Baxter

[生]1874.11.10. マサチューセッツ,プロビンスタウン
[没]1970.9.7. マサチューセッツ,プロビンスタウン
アメリカの北極探検家。何回かの北極探検に参加したあと,1913年初めてみずから探検隊を組織。 18年ボードウィン大学人類学教授。その後 28年まで毎年のように北極地方を探検,26年の探検では R.バードが飛行機で北極に達した。 44年には飛行機で北極各地の測量を指揮した。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

<<:  Macmillan Report

>>:  McMahon line

Recommend

Business aircraft - Business

A type of airplane used by a specific purpose, mai...

Cap lamp - Cap lamp (English spelling)

A personal lighting device consisting of a head p...

Kunu Country

Also called "Kuna no Kuni." One of the p...

Vietnam

…The only language that is clearly related to Vie...

Bonnie and Clyde - Bonnie and Clyde

American film. 1967. Directed by Arthur Penn. A m...

Chemical Atomic Weights - Chemical Atomic Weights

The mass of an oxygen atom is 16, and the mass of ...

Soga's Extraordinary Aspect

Year of birth: Year of birth and death unknown A p...

barathea

...It is a coat and uniform fabric with a deep lu...

Monchujo - Monchujo

This was the government office of the Kamakura an...

Institut de France

…In the United States, B. Franklin established th...

Masao Uchida

...However, this was difficult to use and was not...

Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda (English spelling)

… Whale [Toshio Kasuya]. … *Some of the terminolo...

Spiraea nipponica (English spelling) Spiraeanipponica

…[Yamanaka Futoshi]. … *Some of the terminology t...

Philip Morris Inc.

America's largest tobacco manufacturer. Owns b...

Kenbutsuzaemon

[1] [noun] A word that personifies a spectator. It...