Microcapsules

Japanese: マイクロカプセル
Microcapsules

Microcontainers (approximately 5 to 300 μm) for enclosing medicines, dyes, fragrances, etc.
(1) To turn a liquid into an apparent solid,
(2) Making volatile substances non-volatile,
(3) Inactivating reactive substances and mixing the reactants;
(4) The release of inclusions is controlled by coating the surface of the material particles.
Examples of uses include pressure-sensitive copying paper, medicines (time pills made from ethylcellulose capsules of aspirin), fragrances, oil capsules, polyethylene capsules for fibers, adhesives, dye capsules, liquid crystal substance capsules, encapsulated fertilizers, etc. Microencapsulation methods are broadly divided into chemical methods, physicochemical methods, and physical methods. The encapsulation procedures are as follows:
(1) The core material is dispersed in the encapsulation medium in the form of fine particles.
(2) Introducing a wall substance into the system,
(3) The wall material is assembled, deposited, and surrounded by the core particle in some way to form a capsule wall.
(4) The capsule wall is unstable as it is, so it is strengthened by physical or chemical means.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

医薬品,色素,香料などを包み込むための微小容器(約5~300 μm).すなわち,
(1)液体を見掛け上,固体にして粉体化する,
(2)揮発物質を不揮発化する,
(3)反応性物質を不活性化し反応成分どうしを混合する,
(4)物質粒子の表面を被膜化することにより内包物の放出をコントロールする,
などの目的に用いられる.使用例としては,感圧複写紙,医薬品(アスピリンのエチルセルロースカプセルによる時限粒(time pill)化),香料,オイルカプセル,繊維のポリエチレンカプセル,接着剤,色素カプセル,液晶物質カプセル,カプセル化肥料などがある.マイクロカプセル化法としては,化学的方法,物理化学的方法,および物理的方法に大別される.カプセル化の手順としては,
(1)カプセル化媒体中に芯(しん)物質を微粒子状に分散させ,
(2)この系に壁膜物質を導入し,
(3)なんらかの方法で壁膜物質を芯物質粒子の周囲に集合,沈積,包囲させてカプセル壁を形成する.さらに,
(4)カプセル壁はそのままでは不安定なので,物理的または化学的方法によって強化する.

出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報

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