Bolognese School - Bologna is (English spelling) Scuola Bolognese
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A school of painting that flourished in the ancient city of Bologna in northern Italy. Until the first half of the 15th century, the traditional Byzantine style was still dominant, but from the second half of the century, due to geographical location, contact with the Ferrara school intensified, and especially after 1470, when L. Costa of the Ferrara school moved to Bologna, he had a great influence. Francia, who was from here, learned from him and also from Perugino of the Umbrian school, establishing a sweet and gentle style of painting. His style was passed down from his disciple Viti to Raphael, but generally speaking, this school was generally unpopular in the Italian art world from the second half of the 15th century to the first half of the 16th century. However, in the second half of the 16th century, the eclecticism of the High Renaissance style advocated by Carracci, who was also from here, suddenly elevated the school to a leading position in the Italian art world in the 17th century. In 1589, Carracci founded the Accademia degli Incaminati in Bologna with his cousins Agostino and Annibale, where they systematically studied and taught the techniques of great predecessors such as Correggio, Sarto, Tiziano, Tintoretto, Michelangelo, and Raphael, producing many talented artists and bringing about the great prosperity of the school. Many excellent Baroque painters came from this Academy, including G. Reni, F. Albani, Domenichino, and Guercino. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
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北イタリアの古都ボローニャを中心として栄えた絵画の流派。 15世紀前半までは，まだ伝統的なビザンチン画風が支配的であったが，後半から地理的関係上フェララ派との接触が強まり，特に 1470年以降，フェララ派の L.コスタがこの地に移住するに及んで大きな影響を与えることになる。この地出身のフランチアは彼から学び，またウンブリア派のペルジーノからも摂取して甘美で温雅な画風を樹立した。彼の画風はその弟子ビティからラファエロにまで伝えられるが，一般的にみて 15世紀後半から 16世紀前半までのこの画派は，イタリア画壇では概して不振であった。ところが 16世紀後半，この地出身のカラッチの唱道する盛期ルネサンス様式の折衷主義は，一躍同派を 17世紀のイタリア画壇の主導的地位にまでのし上げた。すなわちカラッチは従兄弟のアゴスティーノおよびアンニバーレとともに，1589年にボローニャに美術学校アカデミア・デリ・インカミナーティを創設，コレッジオ，サルト，ティツィアーノ，ティントレットをはじめ，ミケランジェロやラファエロらのすぐれた先人の各種技法を組織的に研究してそれを教授し，そこから多くの英才を輩出させ，同派の一大隆盛を現出させた。このアカデミアから，G.レニをはじめ F.アルバーニ，ドメニキーノ，グェルチーノら，多数のすぐれたバロック画家が育っていった。
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